多模式交通环境下上海居民职住选择行为

随着城市尺度不断扩张,由职住分离带来的长距离、长时间通勤交通问题日益严重。为研究多模式交通环境上海居民职住位置选择行为及其影响因素,基于网络问卷调查数据、上海市路网数据及房价数据,构建方式选择与目的地选择联合模型,按照选择次序,分析各出行方式的服务水平和房价等变量对居住地和工作地的选择影响。结果表明,居民倾向于选择通勤距离近、交通可达性良好、房价低和人文生活环境较好的小区工作生活,同时年长者和低收入群体对通勤距离和房价更敏感。     

湘潭湘江四大桥桩基混凝土的配合比设计及其应用

本文综述了湘潭湘江四大桥桩基混凝土配合比设计过程中对原材料的选择,及其在实际工程应用过程中灵活使用外加剂后掺法解决了外加剂与水泥适应性不良的问题,保证了工程的质量和施工进度。     

长江干线航道条件与船舶定线制问题分析与研究

通过分析长江干线已实施船舶定线制的特点,分析船舶定线制的一般形式与通航条件,提出了长江干线船舶定线制的航道尺度计算方法和水流条件指标,并结合航道条件,提出了长江干线其他未实施船舶定线制河段的定线制形式,为进一步完善内河船舶定线制提供了一种方法和思路。     

厦门港口所需配备的大型浮吊探讨

厦门港口配置的浮吊技术性能己严重滞后,跟不上港口发展的态势。进行了厦门港码头上门式起重机的参数分析,载重货轮的技术分析、业务工作量的分析,对厦门港大型浮吊的选型提出了建议。     

Estimation of value of travel time reliability

In mode choice decision, travelers consider not only travel time but also reliability of its modes. In this paper, reliability was expressed in terms of standard deviation and maximum delay that were measured based on triangular distribution. In order to estimate value of time and value of reliability, the Multinomial and Nested Logit models were used. The analysis results revealed that reliability is an important factor affecting mode choice decisions. Elasticity is used to estimate the impacts of the different policies and system improvements for water transportation mode. Among these policies, decision maker can assess and select the best alternative by doing the benefit and cost analysis based on a new market share, the value of time, and the value of reliability. Finally, a set of promising policies and system improvement of the water transportation were proposed.     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

肩回交路条件下多机牵引机车周转图的优化

针对采用机车肩回交路的重载铁路线路,将其列车运行图中的列车运行线转化为节点,机车周转线转化为边,运用机车转化为流,从而将机车周转图的优化问题转化为网络流问题.在此基础上,以运用机车数最少、单机走行数最少、附挂机车数最少、机车在站停留时间最短和机车工作均衡性最好为优化目标,以网络流问题中的节点流量守恒和节点流量要满足节点需求为约束条件,建立肩回交路条件下的多机牵引机车周转图多目标优化模型.按照优化目标函数的优先级,采用分层序列法对模型求解,并利用C#语言编写程序,通过调用ILOG CPLEX优化软件实现了该算法.算例表明,采用所给模型和据此编制的机车周转图优化程序,可以快速优化肩回交路条件下的多机牵引机车周转图.     

旅客列车过站径路优化模型与算法

在给定铁路客运站站形布局和列车运行图的前提下,研究旅客列车过站径路优化问题。过站径路由列车的接车作业进路、占用的到发线和发车作业进路拼接而成。以旅客列车的接发车作业进路为决策,以道岔和到发线占用相容性为约束,以最大化接发车作业进路效用和到发线运用效用为优化目标,建立旅客列车过站径路优化的0-1规划模型。设计基于极大列车过站径路方案k剔除邻域系的模拟退火算法。以某客运站为例验证该模型和算法的合理性。结果表明:模型对实际问题的描述准确,算法效率较高,适用于求解大规模铁路客运站旅客列车过站径路优化问题。     

基于无线Mesh网络技术的列车宽带接入原型系统设计

随着高速铁路、公路交通的发展,信息网络的移动接入技术需要得到相应的改善和提高。根据公共移动通信网和铁路专用移动通信网的发展现状,目前有多种列车移动接入技术。通过方案比较,本文原型系统采用了基于无线Mesh网络技术的无线宽带接入技术。当前,无线Mesh网络可遵循的标准有IEEE802.11s草案,该草案对无线Mesh网络的功能、接口及网络协议栈进行了全面的定义。本文根据IEEE802.11s草案,在Linux操作系统下定义了Mesh协议栈框架,并在此基础上设计实现了针对列车的车地宽带接入带状应用场景的无线Mesh网络原型系统,并就搭建的实际网络场景进行了性能测试。实验结果表明,所设计的原型系统基本达到了列车车地宽带接入应用的要求。     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement