基于模态贡献量的转向架接地轴端异常振动分析

以某型列车转向架为例,基于模态相关性原理,采用有限元计算和试验相结合的方法,建立了接地轴端的有限元模型,分析转向架接地轴端异常振动问题。通过对轴端关键部件进行模态分析和模态贡献量分析,得到了引起接地轴端异常振动的主要模态。分析结果表明,轴箱转臂在垂向的弯曲振型对振动的影响最为明显。提出了相应的振动控制措施,可为今后解决车辆局部振动问题提供参考。     

某运动器材公司建设项目职业病危害控制效果评价

目的识别生产过程中产生的职业病危害因素,评价其控制效果。方法通过职业卫生现场调查、工作场所职业病危害因素检测等方法,进行评价。结果该建设项目存在的主要职业病危害因素为二氧化氮、一氧化碳、臭氧、二氧化锡、噪声等。除电动葫芦机噪声点强度超过国家标准外,其余职业病危害因素检测结果均符合国家标准。结论该项目为严重危害项目,其控制措施是有效的。     

Public protests against the Beijing–Shenyang high-speed railway in China

With the rapid expansion of the high-speed railway infrastructure in China, conflicts arise between the interests of local citizens living along the planned tracks and the national interests of governmental authorities and project developers. This paper addresses questions of why and how Chinese citizens mobilize for and participate in protests against high-speed railway projects and to what effect. To this end, a comprehensive study was conducted on the decision-making process, public opinions, and protest actions regarding the plans and site choices for the Beijing–Shenyang high-speed railway from 2008 to 2013, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. In general, local residents are supportive of high-speed railway project construction, but they contest the closed decision-making process and the poor design and siting choices for the track by governmental authorities and companies. After four years of resident protests through formal complaints, lobbying, protest demonstrations, organizing alternative opinion polls, and discussions with authorities, citizens were partially successful in changing the siting of the track, adding protective measures (e.g., tunnels and sound screens), and saving green belts. Two conclusions can be drawn from this case study. First, regardless of the growing legal requirements, public participation in major projects in China is far from a standard practice. Final citizen participation is often preceded by serious conflict. Second, with defined good governance boundaries, there is increasing room for public participation in environmental movements, which does influence final decisions.     

华东交通大学学生体育消费状况的调查与分析

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法,对华东交通大学学生体育消费水平、结构、制约因素等进行分析研究,发现该校学生的体育消费水平低下,并且以实物消费为主,但对体育运动具有相当的兴趣;该校学生已形成一定的体育消费价值观体系,但仍需在体育教育中进一步引导;经济拮据因素是学生体育消费的主要制约因素,对校园公共体育设施存在较强的依赖性.该调查结果对高校体育设施建设及体育教学改革具有一定的借鉴意义.     

公路网规划环境影响评价中的不确定性分析

公路网规划环境影响评价中的不确定主要来自公路网规划方案的不确定和环境信息的不确定。具有普遍性、传递性、累积性和可降低性,对决策者存在着较大的干扰,但是可以通过使用基于情景分析的预测方法、广泛开展公众参与以及通过多方协作的方式开展环境影响评价工作等方法来降低。     

浅谈核心力量训练对游泳运动员自由泳打腿技术的影响

本文针对核心力量在游泳运动训练中的作用、与传统力量训练的关系及注意事项进行了探讨。研究发现,随着自由泳技术的发展,对核心力量训练水平的要求越来越高。将核心力量训练与传统力量训练有效地结合,满足专项体能与技术的要求,有利于游泳运动员技术水平的提高。     

学校体育场馆(地)社会化服务的体制性障碍研究

对第五次全圆体育场地普查有关资料的研究显示，学校体育场地对外开放比例偏低，不开放率迭70．80％．研究认为、国家及地方政府应继续完善相关法规，促使和监督学校体育场地设施有序开放和规范经营，学校也应增强服务意识，加大法规贯彻力度，采用合理的经营管理方式，提高体育场馆设施管理水平和使用效率，并积极宣传和引导大众体育消费．分析了学校体育场馆的资产性质、主要功能、公益性和经营性关系，提出解决学校体育场馆体制性障碍的建议．论述了学校体育场馆（地）的现状，分析了学校体育场馆（地）社会化服务的体制性障碍，提出盘活和整合现有学校体育场馆（地）资源并与社会共享的建议．     

偶极子源与力激励作用下截顶锥形壳振动与声辐射研究

螺旋桨噪声是舰船辐射噪声的主要组成部分,采用有限长截顶锥形壳模拟潜艇艉部,根据螺旋桨噪声产生机理,对比分析了集中力激励与偶极子源激励下锥形壳产生的辐射噪声,并讨论了激励作用位置对壳体振动与辐射噪声的影响。结论显示力激励作用引起的壳体的振动与声辐射要大于偶极子源作用下的情况;当激励施加在锥形壳体截面的中心位置时,壳体在低频时的振动与声辐射要小于激励施加在截面非对称位置处的情况。     

Exploring Participants' Views of Participatory Coastal and Marine Resource Management Processes

It is generally accepted that stakeholders, including resource users, scientists, conservationists, government and nongovernment organizations, and the general public, can contribute positively to management processes and may even benefit from such processes. However, we continue to struggle with how to design processes that effectively involve these stakeholders. To illuminate potential improvements to traditional processes, this study examines participants’ perceptions of coastal and marine resource management processes. Through semi-structured interviews, respondents describe how they feel about various elements of participatory processes. Responses offer insight into the multiple dimensions of participatory process elements described in the literature, such as influence on decisions, exchange of information, access to the process, transparent decision making, and others. Responses also identify additional elements that have received limited attention in the public-participation literature: hosting meetings at various scales, recognizing differences within interest groups, and considering the context of a process. Results from this study will help to inform the design of participatory coastal and marine resource management processes.     

港口规划环境影响评价中公众参与模式探讨

国家对环境影响评价工作中的公众参与非常重视,相继出台多项相关法规政策。目前对于建设项目环境影响评价中公众参与的形式和方法国内外已有一些理论研究和较多的实践应用,但对于规划环境影响评价中采取何种有效的公众参与模式尚需深入研究。通过对国内十多个港口总体规划环评案例进行归纳总结,阐述了港口规划环评公众参与的目的与意义,分析提出了港口规划环评公众参与的工作原则、工作方案和调查意见统计分析方法,并针对港口规划环评公众参与的重点和难点进行了分析研究,探讨港口规划环评中开展公众参与的有效方法和途径。