Elasticities for taxicab fares and service availability

This study utilizes a unique dataset from New York City to examine the effects of taxi fare increases on trip demand and the availability of taxi service. The elasticity of trip demand with respect to fares is estimated to be –0.22; the elasticity of service availability with respect to the taxi fare is 0.28; and the elasticity of service availability with respect to total supply of service is near 1.0. These results have important implications for taxi regulatory decisions. First, fare increases do substantially increase industry revenues but at a lesser rate than the percentage increase in the fare. The implication for policy-makers is that fare elasticities must be carefully considered to obtain desired improvements in drivers' earnings. Second, service availability -- an important aspect of service quality that is generally overlooked during fare policy debates -- should be a central consideration in fare setting, given the considerable impact of fares on availability. Finally, where the supply of cabs needs to be expanded, the number of cabs can be significantly increased without harming the revenue stream of existing operators. This finding alleviates a major industry objection to issuing additional taxicab licenses.     

出租车保有量评价与预测

出租车是城市公共交通系统的重要组成部分,其保有量是影响城市公共交通的重要因素之一。首先建立出租车保有量综合评价模型,并在此基础上提出基于供需平衡的预测方法,从而预测出租车保有量。以湖南郴州为例验证模型的可靠性和预测方法的可行性。     

北京市出租汽车换型期供给能力分析

从2000年起,北京市出租汽车保有量一直保持稳定。但进入2004年7月,为了完成车型更新,北京市出租汽车开始了为期半年的大规模车辆报废,出租汽车保有量迅速降低,这为分析出租汽车保有量和供给能力的关系提供了很好的机会。根据出租汽车行业的特点,对出租汽车供给能力、实际供给能力和潜在供给能力等概念进行了阐述,分析总结了出租汽车供给能力的影响因素。以北京市出租汽车换型期保有量大幅波动为研究背景,以北京市6万余辆出租汽车的IC卡记录数据为基础,设计相关公式,计算和分析了北京市出租汽车换型期间不同保有量水平下的供给能力。就北京市出租汽车保有量变化对供给能力的影响进行了深入分析,并提出建议。