燃料电池氢喷射器控制技术研究

为满足燃料电池功率需求,实现氢气侧压力平滑控制,提出了一种氢喷射器控制方案。通过周期性控制喷嘴数和peak-hold时间占空比,并采用了调节量屏蔽方法,以提高压力输出调节能力。建立实验系统,写入软件进行控制实验,表明了该方法的可行性。     

江户时期东渡日本的唐人及其对日本的文化影响——以唐馆为中心

江户时期东渡赴日的唐人以从事贸易活动的唐船商人为主体,他们以唐馆为活动中心,在日本社会通过日常生活和节庆习俗进行着潜移默化的中国文化传播。同时还有为数众多随唐商船同来的高僧、儒士、画家、医者等,以及具有商贸和文化交往双重身份的唐商人,他们通过更广泛的与日本人接触的机会将对日本的文化影响发挥得淋漓尽致。透过对江户时期东渡日本的唐人构成及其在唐馆内外所从事的文化活动的梳理,更可见以人和空间为载体的中国文化对日本文化的影响。     

Economic and ecological optimization of electric bus charging considering variable electricity prices and CO2eq intensities

In many cities, diesel buses are being replaced by electric buses with the aim of reducing local emissions and thus improving air quality. The protection of the environment and the health of the population is the highest priority of our society. For the transport companies that operate these buses, not only ecological issues but also economic issues are of great importance. Due to the high purchase costs of electric buses compared to conventional buses, operators are forced to use electric vehicles in a targeted manner in order to ensure amortization over the service life of the vehicles. A compromise between ecology and economy must be found in order to both protect the environment and ensure economical operation of the buses.In this study, we present a new methodology for optimizing the vehicles’ charging time as a function of the parameters CO_2eq emissions and electricity costs. Based on recorded driving profiles in daily bus operation, the energy demands of conventional and electric buses are calculated for the passenger transportation in the city of Aachen in 2017. Different charging scenarios are defined to analyze the influence of the temporal variability of CO_2eq intensity and electricity price on the environmental impact and economy of the bus. For every individual day of a year, charging periods with the lowest and highest costs and emissions are identified and recommendations for daily bus operation are made. To enable both the ecological and economical operation of the bus, the parameters of electricity price and CO₂ are weighted differently, and several charging periods are proposed, taking into account the priorities previously set. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the influence of selected parameters and to derive recommendations for improving the ecological and economic balance of the battery-powered electric vehicle.In all scenarios, the optimization of the charging period results in energy cost savings of a maximum of 13.6% compared to charging at a fixed electricity price. The savings potential of CO_2eq emissions is similar, at 14.9%. From an economic point of view, charging between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. results in the lowest energy costs on average. The CO_2eq intensity is also low in this period, but midday charging leads to the largest savings in CO_2eq emissions. From a life cycle perspective, the electric bus is not economically competitive with the conventional bus. However, from an ecological point of view, the electric bus saves on average 37.5% CO_2eq emissions over its service life compared to the diesel bus. The reduction potential is maximized if the electric vehicle exclusively consumes electricity from solar and wind power.     

考虑高铁客运产品间交叉弹性的动态票价策略

将由特定高铁列车所提供的起讫点间的旅客运输服务定义为单个高铁客运产品。随着高速铁路越来越"公交化",同一起讫点间客运产品间的可替代性越来越强,票价的调整有了更精细化的要求。用经济学中的交叉弹性理论描述客运产品间的可替代程度,用指数需求函数描述客运产品的需求与票价的关系,构建并求解高铁动态票价优化模型,对客运产品间不同可替代程度下的最优动态票价策略进行研究。结果显示:高铁客运产品间的可替代性会影响票价策略的选择,且客运产品间可替代程度的增加是否有利于客票收益的提高与可行折扣票价集合的选取有关。     

多模式交通环境下上海居民职住选择行为

随着城市尺度不断扩张,由职住分离带来的长距离、长时间通勤交通问题日益严重。为研究多模式交通环境上海居民职住位置选择行为及其影响因素,基于网络问卷调查数据、上海市路网数据及房价数据,构建方式选择与目的地选择联合模型,按照选择次序,分析各出行方式的服务水平和房价等变量对居住地和工作地的选择影响。结果表明,居民倾向于选择通勤距离近、交通可达性良好、房价低和人文生活环境较好的小区工作生活,同时年长者和低收入群体对通勤距离和房价更敏感。     

包头地区筑路材料的分布与选择

针对内蒙古包头地区筑路材料的分布特征，结合工程实践进行归纳分析，并提出相应的见解，可供设计时参考。     

柴油机主副连杆机构动力分析

认为主、副连杆是两个独立运动的刚体，它们通过关节销连接起来．通过坐标转换关系，研究主副连杆机构平面运动规律，导出了主副活塞运动的速度、加速度以及主、副连杆不动、摆动的加速度、角加速度．基于刚体平面运动理论，对V型柴油机主副连杆机构进行动力学分新，给出了计算公式，便于编程计算。     

斜腿刚构桥几何布局的优化设计

采用数学规划的方法从静力和动力两方面对斜腿刚构桥的几何布局进行优化设计。静力优化设计的优化目标是截面截面应力平方均值最小，动力优化设计的优化目标是结构自振周期平方和最小。采用了直接搜索法寻优。通过算例可知，这两种优化设计方法均可行，且均为刚性设计。     

过水隧洞在山区高速公路中的应用

探讨了过水隧洞应用在山区高速公路沟渠改移、弃渣设计中的可行性，介绍了过水隧洞的主要设计过程，着重例举了几个过水隧洞的设计实践，初步提出了应用过水隧洞，降低工程造价、保护自然环境的新思路。     

任务驱动法在《连锁企业门店营运与管理》课程中的运用

职业技术教育的目标是培养具有综合职业能力和全面素质的,直接工作在生产、技术、管理和服务第一线的应用型、技能型高级人才。《连锁企业门店营运与管理》是连锁经营管理专业一门实践性较强的职业技能课,根据高职教育和连锁经营专业的特点,采用任务驱动法教学更适合培养高素质的应用型人才。