基于多维网络的增开列车条件下高速铁路列车运行图调整

研究增开列车条件下高速铁路列车运行图的调整问题,并综合考虑列车车站进路的影响。通过构建Time-Station-Track三维时空扩展网络,刻画列车对铁路时空资源的占用。将原多目标优化问题转化为求解列车占用网络弧段最小费用单目标问题,并构建基于Time-Station-Track网络的0-1整数规划模型。针对模型特点,设计拉格朗日松弛算法,将问题进一步分解为求解单列车网络最短路径子问题,由于问题被松弛后求得的解可能不可行。因此,提出基于列车优先序列的启发式策略对对偶解进行可行化。最后以宝兰客运专线为例,验证模型的正确性和算法的可行性。     

基于客流需求的城市轨道交通动态时刻表优化模型

为使城市轨道交通列车运行时刻表更贴合客流需求,依据不断变化的客流需求确定每列车的发车时刻和停站时间,采用多目标优化方法构建以乘客出行时间费用和列车运行时间费用最小为目标、列车发车时刻和停站时间为决策变量的城市轨道交通动态时刻表优化模型,并采用粒子群算法求解。以广州地铁13号线为例进行验证,结果表明优化后的时刻表更满足客流需求,能有效地提高乘客出行效率,具有更好的动态适应性。     

A new approach for improving the performance of freight train timetabling of a single-track railway system

A new approach for improving the performance of freight train timetabling for single-track railways is proposed. Using the idea of a fixed-block signaling system, we develop a matrix representation to express the occupation of inter- and intra-station tracks by trains illustrating the train blocking time diagram in its entirety. Train departure times, dwell times, and unnecessary stopping are adjusted to reduce average train travel time and single train travel time. Conflicts between successive stations and within stations are identified and solved. A fuzzy logic system is further used to adjust the range of train departure times and checks are made to determine whether dwell times and time intervals can be adjusted for passenger and freight trains at congested stations to minimize train waiting times. By combining manual scheduling expertise with the fuzzy inference method, timetable efficiency is significantly improved and becomes more flexible.     

基于拉格朗日松弛的高速铁路列车运行图新增运行线局部调整模型

给定新增列车理想始发时刻及初始利润,考虑始发时刻调整及全程停时延长造成的罚数,基于时空网络构建以全图运行线总利润最大为目标的整数规划模型,进行拉格朗日松弛,根据松弛解对偶信息设计启发式算法求解各运行线可行解,并通过更新拉格朗日乘子进行迭代优化.以京沪高铁为例进行了验证,结果表明：在算例条件下,相较以理想始发时刻推线求解,该方法能够多增铺6条运行线;随着始发时刻可调整度由10min增加至60min,CPLEX的求解时间快速增长,而拉格朗日松弛启发式算法能快速求得高质量的解,除始发时刻可调整度10min情景,求解效率均高于CPLEX;延长始发时刻可调整度至4h,最多增铺18条运行线,说明现有框架下京沪高铁能力已接近饱和.     

基于客流变化的行车组织分析

阐明客流变化时的行车调整策略,即在地铁运营过程中产生突发客流时,行车人员运用抽线、加开列车以及在信号系统中加入设备干预等措施进行相应的行车调整,并针对性地提出数据分析、客流曲线生成软件的开发以及时刻表编制分析等方面的问题和建议。     

考虑拥挤的轨道交通网络时刻表协调优化建模

以非连通型城市轨道交通网络为研究对象,根据城市轨道交通网络周期性运行特点,在深入考虑拥挤及换乘客流脉冲性到达特征的前提下,给出1个循环周期内城市轨道交通网络运营费用及乘客出行费用计算方法.并在此基础上,以各运营线路发车间隔及发车时刻相位差为决策变量,以乘客及运营企业的综合费用最小为目标,以列车发车间隔、列车容量、站台容量、运营补贴等为约束,建立城市轨道交通网络列车时刻表优化模型.根据模型特点,提出了一种基于仿真的遗传算法对模型进行求解.算例结果显示,与既有优化方法相比,本文模型能够更加细致地刻画乘客换乘过程,有效降低系统综合费用,并确保各项服务指标在安全范围之内.     

Train rescheduling model with train delay and passenger impatience time in urban subway network

This paper considers the train rescheduling problem with train delay in urban subway network. With the objective of minimizing the negative effect of train delay to passengers, which is quantified with a weighted combination of travel time cost and the cost of giving up the planned trips, train rescheduling model is proposed to jointly synchronize both train delay operation constraints and passenger behavior choices. Space–time network is proposed to describe passenger schedule‐based path choices and obtain the shortest travel times. Impatience time is defined to describe the intolerance of passengers to train delay. By comparing the increased travel time due to train delay with the passenger impatience time, a binary variable is defined to represent whether the passenger will give up their planned trips or not. The proposed train rescheduling model is implemented using genetic algorithm, and the model effectiveness is further examined through numerical experiments of real‐world urban subway train timetabling test. Duration effects of the train delay to the optimization results are analyzed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Real-time automatic rescheduling strategy for an urban rail line by integrating the information of fault handling

In the operation of urban rails, faults are inevitable, which leads to deviation between the actual timetable and the planned timetable. In nowadays, timetable rescheduling strategies rarely integrate the information of fault handling. In this paper, we develop a real-time automatic rescheduling strategy, which integrates the dynamic information of fault handling. The rescheduled timetable is obtained by a mathematical optimization model, the constraints set of which is automatically generated and adjusted as more information of fault handling is feedback. Compared with the experience-based rescheduling methods, the automatic rescheduling strategy reacts more quickly, and uses the information of fault handling more efficiently. A simulation system for testing the automatic rescheduling strategy is built, which uses the data of the Beijing Yizhuang metro line. Via testing on the simulation system, the effectiveness and efficiency of the automatic rescheduling strategy are validated.     

TDCS系统列车运行阶段计划的处理方法

在分析传统调度指挥方式的基础上,以远程分布式协同闭环智能控制结构定义铁路列车调度指挥系统(Train Dispatching Command System,TDCS)的基本框架。在TDCS系统中,列车运行阶段计划是行车调度台与车站终端之间信息交换的主体。通过分析TDCS系统中行调台与车站终端之间对阶段计划的处理流程,采用基于专家系统的多目标滚动优化算法和建立的行调台对阶段计划调整的数学模型,实现阶段计划的调整。在阶段计划的执行流程中,以生命周期概念表述阶段计划的时效性,并对阶段计划在车站终端中的处理过程进行定义,以此为基础模型应用于TDCS系统的设计和实现。     

一种基于县域城乡客运公交化改造的公交时刻表编制方法

为进一步协调县域城乡客运公交化改造与公交高效化运营之间的关系,合理确定城乡客运公交化改造后的公交时刻表至关重要。以县域城乡客运公交化改造为研究对象,提出了一种适合城乡客运公交化改造的公交时刻表编制方法。通过人工调查法获取客流信息,建立客流处理模型,获得最大断面客流量等信息。在此基础上,运用客流需求法建立数学模型,求得发车时间间隔并优化。最后,通过比较验证获得最终的公交时刻表。以池河至石泉客运班线公交化改造为例,改造后的公交时刻表极大地方便了沿线居民的出行,从而证明该时刻表具有较好的可行性。