烟雾吸入伤后内皮素—1水平的变化及意义

目的：观察大鼠烟有入伤后血浆及支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中内皮素０－１（ＥＴ－１）含量的动态变化，以探讨其与急性吸入性肺务发生发展的关系。方法：采用大鼠烟雾吸入伤模型，分别检测了正常对照及致伤２、６、１２和２４小时动物的动脉血气、肺水量、静态肺顺应性（Ｃｓｔ）ＢＡＬＦ中总蛋白（ＴＰ）和白蛋白（Ａｌｂ）、以及血浆和ＢＡＬＦ中ＥＴ－１含量。结果：动物吸入伤后出现急性呼吸衰竭和严重肺水肿，Ｃｓｔ显著降     

降钙素基因相关肽与内皮素受体A在兔实验性蛛网膜下腔出血后基底动脉的表达

目的探讨蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)后脑血管内皮细胞降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)及内皮素受体A(ETRA)的表达与迟发性脑血管痉挛(DCVS)之间的关系。方法日本大耳白家兔60只,随机分为SAH模型组25只,盐水组25只,穿刺组5只,正常组5只。采用枕大池二次注血法制作SAH模型,灌注处死后取基底动脉制成切片。进行CGRP及ETRA的免疫组化和HE染色,观察CGRP与ETRA的免疫表达和病理结构变化,并用图像分析方法测量血管周长,使用方差分析进行统计学检验。结果基底动脉周长在SAH后均发生明显缩窄,其中在5d时缩小最强烈。CGRP与ETRA免疫阳性标记颗粒在SAH组的基底动脉组织中均有表达,其动态变化规律为CGRP的表达在1h时最明显,在3、5d依次表达减少,5d达到最低点,7d后开始逐渐升高,10d时表达相对比较明显,但未能达到正常水平,CGRP在穿刺组、正常对照组和盐水组也有散在不规则表达。在正常组、穿刺组和盐水组的基底动脉内ETRA有表达;SAH组基底动脉内ETRA在3d组和5d组表现为高表达,以3d组为强,而其中血管内皮细胞表达最强烈,平滑肌也有表达,10d组的表达仍然较强。结论在SAH后脑血管内皮细胞CGRP和ETRA的表达呈现明显的动态改变,但二者的变化趋势并不同步;CGRP和ETRA在DCVS的发生发展中起重要的作用。     

Effect of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism on plasma lipid levels and its relationship with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Objective To explore the risk association of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism with coronary heart disease (CHD) in Hart nationality in Northwest of China. Methods With case-control study, ABCA1-V771M polymorphism was detected in 204 unrelated Hart nationality people in Northwest of China, and all the subjects by coronary angiography were grouped into 106 cases and 98 controls. The genotypes and alleles frequency distribution of ABCA1-V771M polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP analysis, and the clinical statistics of serum lipids were compared and its effects of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism on the plasma lipid levels and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease were analyzed. Results The genotypic frequencies of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism matched well under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05), V and M allelic frequencies were 33.3% and 66.7%. In comparison with VV VM genotype carriers, MM genotypes carriers had much lower plasma levels of HDL-C (P<0. 001) and much higher plasma levels of TG (P<0. 05). M allelic frequency in CHD group was significantly higher than V allelic frequency (P<0. 05). M allele was related with more severity of atherosclerosis in the coronary artery than V allele (P<0.05). However, there was no obvious difference in the incidence of AMI among carriers with three genotypes of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism (P>0.05). Conclusion ABCA1-V771M polymorphism was not only associated with the plasma levels of HDL-C and TG, but also related to the susceptibility and severity of coronary atheroselerotic heart disease. Moreover, M771 allele appeared to be atherogenie among Han population in Northwest of China.     

蛛网膜下腔出血后内皮素受体(ET_A/ET_B)不平衡表达在大鼠基底动脉痉挛中的作用

目的探讨蛛网膜下腔出血后基底动脉各层中内皮素受体(ETA/ETB)的表达水平变化在血管痉挛(CVS)中的作用机制。方法采用大鼠自体血二次注入枕大池建立SAH后CVS模型,光镜下观察基底动脉形态学变化,并运用免疫荧光染色动态检测ETA/ETB受体表达变化。结果 SAH模型组基底动脉截面积在2d开始下降,到3d时到达最低,以后逐渐恢复至正常。免疫荧光显示SAH后基底动脉内皮细胞层中ETA受体蛋白表达在2d开始增多,3d达高峰,持续到14d,而ETB受体蛋白3d时内皮细胞层中表达显著增多,7d时平滑肌细胞层中表达达高峰,持续到14d。结论两种ETA/ETB受体的差异性表达在SAH后CVS中起重要作用。ETB受体亚型在脑血管各层中具体表达差异有待进一步研究。     

内皮素-1诱导大鼠血管平滑肌细胞产生C-反应蛋白的作用

目的观察内皮素-1(ET-1)诱导血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)产生C-反应蛋白(CRP)的作用及其机制。方法培养大鼠VSMCs,以不同浓度ET-1刺激VSMCs,并用ETA拮抗剂BQ123、抗氧化剂PDTC、p38MAPK抑制剂SB203580及ETB阻断剂BQ788进行干预,免疫细胞化学法及半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法分别测定不同浓度及不同干预因素下VSMCs中CRP蛋白及mRNA的表达。结果 ET-1能刺激VSMCs CRP蛋白及mRNA的表达增强,其效应呈浓度依赖性;BQ123、PDTC及SB203580能明显减少ET-1诱导的大鼠VSMCs CRP蛋白及mRNA的表达,而BQ788对此作用无明显影响。结论 ET-1通过ETA、活性氧(ROS)、p38MAPK诱导大鼠VSMCs产生CRP。     

Quantitative analysis of a novel antimicrobial peptide in rat plasma by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

We described the first results of a quantitative ultra performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry method for a novel antimicrobial peptide （phylloseptin, PSN-1）. Chromatographic separation was accomplished on a Waters bridged ethyl hybrid （BEH） C18 （50mm× 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm） column with acetonitrile-water （25：75, v/v） as isocratic mobile phase. Mass spectrometry detection was performed in the positive electrospray ionization mode and by monitoring of the transitions at m/z 679.6/120, 509.6/120 （PSN-1） and m/z 340.7/165 （Thymopentin, IS）. Protein precipitation was investigated and the recovery was satisfactory （above 82%）. The method was shown to be reproducible and reliable with intra-day precision below 5.3%, inter-day precision below 14.2%, and linear range from 0.02 to 2 lag/mL with r〉0.994. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of PSN-1 in rats after intravenous administration.     

舰员初次远航中血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ,内皮素,降钙素基因相关肽的水平观察

目的 探讨远洋航行人员在特定环境中的一些生理、生化方面的变化。方法 应用放射免疫法检测初次出海人员远航前及远航８７ｈ后血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡⅡ）、内皮素（ＥＴ）、降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）及血压、心率的改变。结果 远航中血浆ＡⅡ、ＥＴ、ＣＧＲＰ均明显高于远航前（Ｐ〈０．０１）；收缩压及心率无明显变化（Ｐ〉０．０５），而舒张压上升明显（Ｐ〈０．００１），但仍在正常范围。结论 远航时体内缩血管物质ＡⅡ、ＥＴ和舒血管ＣＧＲＰ可能参与了远航人员体内的应激发生机制；而需要引起我们临床医生关注的是对有高血压病及年龄较大的人群在远航时发生的血压改变。     

具有并发症的心肌梗塞患者血浆内皮素变化及其意义

本文观察了４２例急性心肌梗塞患者血浆内皮素浓度变化，并将其是否并发心功能不全或朱性休克分３组，Ａ组：单纯ＡＭＩ；Ｂ组，合并心衰；Ｃ组，合并心源性休克，并与２８例心绞痛及２４例正常人进行比较，结果表明：ＡＭＩ组在心绞痛发作期，较正常对照组ＥＴ浓度有明显升高，单纯心肌梗塞者２￣１０ｈＥＴ迅速上升，２４ｈ后逐渐下降，一周内正常，而合并心衰及心源性休克者ＥＴ浓度持续升高超过一周。     

内皮素在妊高征发病机理中的作用

采用放无法测定了３０例孕妇（２０例妊高征、１０例正常孕妇）分娩前后母体血浆、脐静脉血浆及羊水中ＥＴ的含量，并与１０例非孕妇对照。结果显示：①分娩前，妊高征患者母体血浆ＥＴ值明显高于非孕妇及正常孕妇，并与平均动脉压、尿蛋白定量及眼底分期呈显著正相关。正常孕妇血浆ＥＴ却显著低于非孕妇。②分娩后，妊高征患者血浆ＥＴ仍显著高于非孕妇及正常孕妇，而后两组相比ＥＴ值无明显差异。推测ＥＴ可能参与了妊高征的发病过程，在妊高征发病机理中可能有重要的病理生理意义。