Time-series analysis of remote-sensed chlorophyll and environmental factors in the Santa Monica–San Pedro Basin off Southern California

The time-series of remote-sensed surface chlorophyll concentration measured by SeaWiFS radiometer from September 1997 to December 2001 and the relevant hydrological and meteorological factors (remote-sensed sea surface temperature, atmospheric precipitation, air temperature and wind stress) in Santa Monica Bay and adjacent waters off southern California were analyzed using wavelet and cross-correlation statistical methods. All parameters exhibited evident seasonal patterns of variation. Wavelet analysis revealed salient long-term variations most evident in air temperature during El Niño 1997–1998 and in wind stress during La Niña 1998–1999. Short-period (<100 days) variations of remote-sensed chlorophyll biomass were mostly typical to spring seasons. Chlorophyll biomass was significantly correlated with air temperature and wind stress: an increase of chlorophyll biomass followed with 5–6-day time lag an increase of wind stress accompanied by a simultaneous decrease of air temperature. The mechanism of these variations was an intensification of phytoplankton growth resulting from the mixing of water column by wind stress and entrainment of nutrients into the euphotic layer.     

复合式路面层间界面剪切滑移特性

依托南大梁高速公路复合式路面试验段, 测试了不同糙化界面的露骨率和构造深度, 并钻取芯样进行45°剪切试验。结合45°剪切试验测试结果与层间剪切过程力学特性, 将层间剪变特性曲线划分为弹性阶段、破坏阶段、剪切强度衰减阶段和残余阶段, 采用界面构造深度、剪切强度峰值、剪切强度峰值对应层间相对滑动位移和残余剪切强度等指标评价层间剪变特性, 分析了界面糙化方式、防水黏结材料类型和用量、温度和加载速率对复合式路面层间剪变特性的影响。测试结果表明: 凿毛界面构造深度(1.17mm) 大于喷砂界面构造深度(0.37mm), 结合不同糙化界面下剪切过程的层间力学特性差异, 凿毛界面较喷砂界面所成型复合试件具有更优的抗剪性能; 防水黏结材料相同时, 凿毛界面层间剪切强度峰值对应层间相对滑动位移(0.19~0.79mm) 较喷砂界面(0.16~0.33mm) 更大, 且防水黏结材料对残余剪切强度和剪切强度峰值的影响大于层间剪切强度峰值对应层间相对滑动位移的影响; 整体而言, 温度对层间剪变特性影响显著, 5℃时层间剪切强度峰值为40℃时的7.0~10.0倍, 测试条件对层间剪切强度影响较大, 50mm·min^-1加载速率时测试层间剪切强度峰值为5mm·min^-1加载速率时的1.9~3.5倍。可见, 凿毛糙化方式更有助于提高复合式路面层间剪切强度, 且复合式路面层间剪变特性需采用多指标予以评价。     

通用型客车车架旋转焊接工装的设计与制造

介绍了一种客车车架360°旋转焊接工装。详细地阐述了从技术要求分析到具体设计制造以及安装过程中遇到的问题，为设计制造翻转焊接类工装提供了的一些参考。     

使用30°楔形防松螺纹安装扭矩的建议

为明确30°楔形防松螺纹在同样的施加扭矩下所获得的轴力。试验了30°楔形防松螺纹和普通螺纹经振动防松试验轴力的衰减情况和同扭矩下扭矩系数及轴力的比对试验。从而获得在施加相同扭矩下,30°楔形防松螺纹所获得的轴力比普通螺纹所获得的轴力低。     

360°环视与车载监视共屏显示在城市客车上的应用

介绍基于国际先进算法的360°环视系统,及城市客车车载监视系统与360°环视系统在同一显示屏上共屏显示的应用。     

低开关频率下PWM调制方法研究

在交直交电力机车等大功率牵引传动系统中,受到逆变器开关频率的限制,通常采用多模式PWM方法．本文中分析了低开关频率下多模式PWM的实现方法．在低载波比条件下采用了一种中间60°调制方法,并研究了不同模式PWM之间的切换条件,实现了异步调制、同步调制和中间60°调制之间的平滑过渡,并通过仿真和实验验证了分析的正确性．     

基于切口应力强度理论的135°拐角处应力场分析

在焊接接头处,几何的不连续造成了局部的应力集中,形成了应力奇异效应,有必要做进一步的研究。文章基于切口应力强度理论,引入了奇异强度as的概念,提出了评估切口应力的简便算法,并通过一系列十字形模型进行了验证。最后,将修改表达式的预估结果同N-SIF公式作了对比分析,结果表明该修正公式可以简单、准确地预估焊接接头处的应力。