破舱稳性新规范探讨

从破舱稳性计算方法出发,对破舱稳性新规范与现行相应的规范进行了比较,对决定破舱稳性的各个因素的变化规律及其对分舱指数的影响做了一定的分析,并通过某集装箱船,总结了提高分舱指数的方法,同时对新规范中一些较难理解的内容做了一定的解析。     

SoLAS 2009破舱稳性研究——以超大型集装箱船为例

主要介绍了SOLAS 2009破舱稳性新的规范规则内容,并以8530 TEU超大型集装箱船为例,阐明了新的破舱稳性计算需要注意计算的初始状态、分舱指数R、达到的分舱指数A3个问题。     

空间润滑装置高压雾化喷嘴的喷雾特性

为解决航天器在空间轨道运行时润滑失效的问题,将高压直射式雾化喷嘴应用到空间润滑领域,利用流体动力学软件CFD-ACE+2009,建立了直射式雾化喷嘴气液两相流模型,在此基础上,对润滑油喷雾流的生成过程进行数值模拟,并考察了喷嘴处液体流动速度及压力的分布情况.通过2种高粘度液体NYE 2001、Krytox 143AB与柴油的对比,分析了液体物理参数对液体内部压力传递及流速变化的影响.数值模拟结果表明:航空润滑油NYE 2001的高粘度严重阻碍入口压力的传递,当入口压力为15 MPa时,1 mm长的喷嘴末端压力下降到0.42 MPa,降幅达到97.2%;过高的液体粘度和过长的喷嘴,对液体喷雾流的形成产生不利影响.     

SOLAS 2009破舱稳性要求对客滚船设计的影响

分析SOLAS2009第Ⅱ-1章中,B-1部分对客滚船破舱稳性要求,并与SOLAS1990客滚船破舱稳性确定性算法和滚装船（货船）的概率论算法进行比较,同时讨论了对完整稳性的影响,为新型客滚船设计在分舱和布局上应注意的方面提供参考。SOLAS2009与SOLAS1990确定性算法,有三个显著不同点：1）对双壳宽度没有明的确限制;2）对分舱长度也不作明确限制;3）增加了对乘客人数的权重。SOLAS2009与滚装船（货船）的概率论算法比较．有两个不同点：1）要求的分舱指数公式不同;2）生存概率的算法不同。SOLAS2009对完整稳性的影响：船舶纵倾受到限制,对总体布局和线型设计的要求更高。     

An integrated analysis of workers’ physically active activity and active travel choice behavior

Using Texas add-on sample data from the 2009 National Household Travel Survey, this study examines adult workers’ daily active choice decisions in the context of physical activity and attendant health benefits. The study looked at workers’ two choice behaviors: active activity and active travel. The first choice behavior, active activity, is developed as an ordered-response model based on the number of physically active recreational activities pursued during the workday. The second choice behavior, active travel, is developed as a binary-response model that examines workers’ active travel choices—whether or not the worker used any active mode of travel during the same workday. The study improves the understanding and knowledge of observed factors influencing workers’ physically active activity-travel behavior. The study also provides several observations regarding the role (and constraints) of employment in individuals’ active choices. Using a flexible copula modeling methodology, we explore the true correlation (or dependence) between the two behavior choices that could occur due to the presence of unobserved factors, suggesting a simultaneously low or simultaneously high propensity for being physically active across workers. The study findings suggest that transportation and public health policy makers can mutually benefit from encouraging workers to be physically active (from an activity and/or travel perspective). Overall, the study draws attention to the integrated nature of the public health and transportation fields, thereby providing a distinct view of active/inactive choice behavior. To our knowledge, this is the first study exploring a rich variety of components for workers’ active activity-travel behavior through a robust copula approach.     

Estimating potential increases in travel with autonomous vehicles for the non-driving,elderly and people with travel-restrictive medical conditions

Automated vehicles represent a technology that promises to increase mobility for many groups, including the senior population (those over age 65) but also for non-drivers and people with medical conditions. This paper estimates bounds on the potential increases in travel in a fully automated vehicle environment due to an increase in mobility from the non-driving and senior populations and people with travel-restrictive medical conditions. In addition, these bounding estimates indicate which of these demographics could have the greatest increases in annual vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and highlight those age groups and genders within these populations that could contribute the most to the VMT increases. The data source is the 2009 National Household Transportation Survey (NHTS), which provides information on travel characteristics of the U.S. population. The changes to light-duty VMT are estimated by creating and examining three possible travel demand wedges. In demand wedge one, non-drivers are assumed to travel as much as the drivers within each age group and gender. Demand wedge two assumes that the driving elderly (those over age 65) without medical conditions will travel as much as a younger population within each gender. Demand wedge three makes the assumption that working age adult drivers (19–64) with medical conditions will travel as much as working age adults without medical conditions within each gender, while the driving elderly with medical any travel-restrictive conditions will travel as much as a younger demographic within each gender in a fully automated vehicle environment. The combination of the results from all three demand wedges represents an upper bound of 295 billion miles or a 14% increase in annual light-duty VMT for the US population 19 and older. Since traveling has other costs besides driving effort, these estimates serve to bound the potential increase from these populations to inform the scope of the challenges, rather than forecast specific VMT scenarios.     

SOLAS概率破舱稳性及计算结果分析

以SOLAS2009规范为基础,结合Napa软件对一货船概率破舱计算结果的分析,提出优化极限GM曲线的若干方法,并对于残存因数等于零的破损状态处理方法做了详细的介绍。     

利用GM/RT 2142标准评价大风环境下机车车辆的抗倾覆能力

介绍了英国标准GM/RT 2142—2009《大风环境下机车车辆抗倾覆能力》中临界倾覆风速的计算方法及评价抗倾覆能力的大致流程,并利用该标准评价了某出口机车大风环境下的抗倾覆能力。     

新的SOLAS概率破舱稳性及其在MiniCAPE型散货船上的应用研究

根据《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》第Ⅱ-1章新的概率破舱稳性的修正案(简称SOLAS 2009),对江南造船(集团)有限公司自主研发的115000吨MiniCAPE型散货船进行概率破舱稳性的计算研究.重点探讨了新、旧规范的差异及新规范对大型散货船概率破舱稳性计算的影响.     

SOLAS 2009概率破损稳性要求对近海供应船的影响研究

对模拟设计的一艘船长超过80m的近海供应船的2种分舱设计方案进行了比较,分析了SOLAS 2009对分舱设计的影响,通过合适的分舱设计是可以满足SOLAS 2009概率破损稳性要求的。