基于时频混合格式的桥梁抖振响应计算方法

利用一种时频混合格式计算桥梁在紊流风激励下的抖振时程响应。针对动力风荷载既有时域内定义的抖振激励力,又有用频域内的颤振导数来定义的与结构自身运动有关的气弹自激力,存在时频混合项的特点,引入时频混合格式的AFT方法来计算桥梁抖振时程响应;在保持频域计算高效性的同时,又通过拟力概念在时域计算结构非线性不平衡力和气弹力造成的振型耦合,通过迭代使其收敛。通过算例验证了该格式是一种可行的计算桥梁抖振响应的方法。     

Motorway crash duration and its determinants: do durations vary across motorways?

Traffic congestion has been a growing issue in many metropolitan areas during recent years, which necessitates the identification of its key contributors and development of sustainable strategies to help decrease its adverse impacts on traffic networks. Road incidents generally and crashes specifically have been acknowledged as the cause of a large proportion of travel delays in urban areas and account for 25% to 60% of traffic congestion on motorways. Identifying the critical determinants of travel delays has been of significant importance to the incident management systems, which constantly collect and store the incident duration data. This study investigates the individual and simultaneous differential effects of the relevant determinants on motorway crash duration probabilities. In particular, it applies parametric Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) hazard‐based models to develop in‐depth insights into how the crash‐specific characteristic and the associated temporal and infrastructural determinants impact the duration. AFT models with both fixed and random parameters have been calibrated on one year of traffic crash records from two major Australian motorways in South East Queensland, and the differential effects of determinants on crash survival functions have been studied on these two motorways individually. A comprehensive spectrum of commonly used parametric fixed parameter AFT models, including generalized gamma and generalized F families, has been compared with random parameter AFT structures in terms of goodness of fit to the duration data, and as a result, the random parameter Weibull AFT model has been selected as the most appropriate model. Significant determinants of motorway crash duration included traffic diversion requirement, crash injury type, number and type of vehicles involved in a crash, day of week and time of day, towing support requirement and damage to the infrastructure. A major finding of this research is that the motorways under study are significantly different in terms of crash durations; such that motorway 1 exhibits durations that are on average 19% shorter compared with the durations on motorway 2. The differential effects of explanatory variables on crash durations are also different on the two motorways. The detailed presented analysis confirms that looking at the motorway network as a whole, neglecting the individual differences between roads, can lead to erroneous interpretations of duration and inefficient strategies for mitigating travel delays along a particular motorway.     

通用型FPSO关键管网系统水锤分析及防护

在深水通用型FPSO工程中,水锤产生的压力会对管路系统造成危害,严重影响工程进度.运用AFT Impulse建立通用型FPSO压载水系统模型,对系统进行瞬态分析,得出不同关阀工况下水锤仿真结果.通过多次仿真对结果进行比较,得到相对合理的关阀方案,确保管路系统的安全.     

蒸汽减温管路改进

分析蒸汽减温管路的工作流程,构建蒸汽减温管路的模型。针对蒸汽减温管路存在的管路及阀门穿孔外漏问题,提出降低介质流速与控制饱和蒸汽湿度相结合的方案。仿真结果表明,改进后的蒸汽减温管路蒸汽品质得到改善,可为系统的设置提供依据和参考。     

Real-time merging traffic control for throughput maximization at motorway work zones

Work zones on motorways necessitate the drop of one or more lanes which may lead to significant reduction of traffic flow capacity and efficiency, traffic flow disruptions, congestion creation, and increased accident risk. Real-time traffic control by use of green–red traffic signals at the motorway mainstream is proposed in order to achieve safer merging of vehicles entering the work zone and, at the same time, maximize throughput and reduce travel delays. A significant issue that had been neglected in previous research is the investigation of the impact of distance between the merge area and the traffic lights so as to achieve, in combination with the employed real-time traffic control strategy, the most efficient merging of vehicles. The control strategy applied for real-time signal operation is based on an ALINEA-like proportional–integral (PI-type) feedback regulator. In order to achieve maximum performance of the control strategy, some calibration of the regulator’s parameters may be necessary. The calibration is first conducted manually, via a typical trial-and-error procedure. In an additional investigation, the recently proposed learning/adaptive fine-tuning (AFT) algorithm is employed in order to automatically fine-tune the regulator parameters. Experiments conducted with a microscopic simulator for a hypothetical work zone infrastructure, demonstrate the potential high benefits of the control scheme.     

油船真空凝水系统液位故障实例分析

针对油轮货油泵透平真空凝水系统,结合某船试航中发生的液位报警故障,对真空凝水系统组成和工作原理进行了说明,对可能故障原因进行了分析,结合AFT Fathom软件仿真和实船故障排查,最终找出原因并使故障得以排除。由于真空凝水系统的复杂性和故障的典型性,对此进行研究总结具有重要意义,并可对以后船舶设计和故障排除提供参考。     

蒸汽减温管路改进

分析蒸汽减温管路的工作流程,构建蒸汽减温管路的模型.针对蒸汽减温管路存在的管路及阀门穿孔外漏问题,提出降低介质流速与控制饱和蒸汽湿度相结合的方案.仿真结果表明,改进后的蒸汽减温管路蒸汽品质得到改善,可为系统的设置提供依据和参考.     

自升式钻井平台海水系统优化设计

自升式钻井平台的海水管路系统较传统船舶繁复,平台中相关设备布置分散,对海水的需求工况差异大,一般的管路系统设计计算方法已无法满足设计要求。采用AFT流体分析软件,针对钻井平台的整个管网系统的设备供水点,结合各种工况及相应的技术要求,初步设计管网系统的流量分配,进行流体平衡分析,对流量不足的供水点进行优化设计并验证,取得符合相应设备对应工况需求的流量分配。AFT软件深化了钻井平台海水系统的设计流程,提高了工效并节约工程成本。