中国沿海集装箱运价指数与波罗的海运价指数的比较

为研究全球金融危机以来中国沿海集装箱运价指数（CCFI）与波罗的海运价指数（BDI）的波动趋势及关联，通过Eviews分析两者2008年9月至2009牟5月的数值，并运用向量自回归模型和格兰杰因果检验等统计方法对其进行分析比较，发现CCFI同BDI一样具有股票收益率序列的特征，适合作为运价指数期货的标的，有助于预估我国集装箱航运市场的运价走势以规避运价风险，并为我国运价指数期货的推出提供理论基础。     

Seasonality patterns in the container shipping freight rate market

Shipping indexes have attracted many researchers because they reflect the overall trend of corresponding seaborne markets and can provide implications for the future. Apart from the Baltic Dry Bulk Index (BDI) and correlated indices, the China Containerized Freight Index (CCFI) has been gaining more attention. As a country with large-scale manufacturing, China is an important exporting country and the CCFI was chosen to reflect the container shipping market because the data are more convincing and representative. There have been no systematic attempts to understand the seasonality patterns of container freights. Seasonality patterns reveal the regular fluctuation patterns within a 1-year period. They exist in time series, which are observed more than once a year, like the CCFI. To investigate the nature of seasonality (stochastic and/or deterministic) in container freight rates across different line services, we analyze the CCFI. This paper uses the HEGY method and Monte Carlo method comprehensively to figure out the small sample problem. In addition, seasonal dummy variables are used to test deterministic seasonality. Except for the Japan service series, which contains a half-year unit root, the other container freight rates seem to only involve a non-seasonal unit root at the zero frequency. Deterministic seasonality exists in all the line service series. Furthermore, the seasonality depends on the balance between supply and demand. Under this premise, the seasonal law of freight rates is much obvious.