浅析遇险渔业船舶救助现状及建议

目前,渔业船舶已经成为我国海上搜救工作中的一支重要力量,但发生海难事故的渔业船舶自身的救助成功率却偏低。文中试结合近几年渔业遇险船舶搜救的大量案例,分析影响渔业船舶救助成功率的几大主要原因,并对如何提高渔业遇险船舶救助成功率提出了若干建议。     

Community Fishery Resources Management on Malalison Island,Philippines: R & D Framework,Interventions, and Policy Implications

In 1991, the Aquaculture Department of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center launched a community-based fishery resources management project on Malalison Island, in central Philippines, to help conserve the country's marine resources and to help the fisherfolk rise above their poverty. The eight-year project integrated various disciplines in biology, economics, sociology, public administration, and engineering in its study of fishery resources and fishing communities and in evolving intervention strategies for resource conservation and management, and for community development. The project's most important accomplishment was the inculcation among the fisherfolk of the importance of resource conservation and management. The most important lesson learned was that an enlightened and empowered fisherfolk could be effective managers and responsible users of fishery resources.     

Adapting to Catch Shares: Perspectives of West Coast Groundfish Trawl Participants

Abstract

Catch share programs are used in fisheries management to meet goals such as species recovery, overcapacity reduction, and economic efficiency. Anticipated impacts include fleet consolidation, infrastructure reduction, and social disruption within communities. The Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Social Study (PCGFSS) aims to understand social changes related to the recently implemented West Coast Groundfish Trawl Catch Share Program. In this article, we use a subset of PCGFSS data to explore the ways remaining fishery participants have thus far adapted to catch shares. While some vessels have left the fishery, we found that many participants are adapting to this catch shares program despite challenges. Quota leasing strategies, fishery diversification, gear innovation, and community quota funds are some of the tools participants are using to continue operating under the catch shares program. These early challenges and adaptations to the catch share program are worthy of continued tracking, as researchers, managers, and fishing communities, would benefit by considering first-hand perspectives of the on-the-ground realities of harvesting groundfish in the rationalized fishery.     

《渔港总体设计规范》修订概况

介绍《渔港总体设计规范》修订的必要性和修订概况。     

国际渔业管理中的生态标签制度

响应可持续性环境发展的号召,渔业生态标签制度应运而生。发展中国家最大的疑虑是担心形成潜在的贸易壁垒。世界粮农组织于2005年达成《海洋捕捞渔业鱼和渔产品生态际签国际准则》,希望给所有已经或者计划实行生态标签制度的国家以最大的信心和帮助。     

“渔业船舶”法律术语界定——从下位法与上位法相抵触角度

当前,我国正式法律渊源对"渔业船舶"这一术语的界定存在冲突,不利于渔业船舶所有者和经营者合法权益的保护,也给司法审判和行政执法造成了不便。从《中华人民共和国渔港水域交通安全管理条例》和《广东省渔港和渔业船舶管理条例》对"渔业船舶"的定义出发,通过法律解释、法理分析和实证分析来探析"渔业船舶"这一法律术语的界定,得出《广东省渔港和渔业船舶管理条例》与《中华人民共和国渔港水域交通安全管理条例》中对"渔业船舶"定义的条文存在抵触的结论。     

淤泥质海岸防波堤布置潮流泥沙数值分析

针对在淤泥质海岸建筑防波堤引起的港内泥沙淤积问题,以坎门渔港三期防波堤工程为例,采用潮流数学模型和泥沙冲淤半理论半经验公式,研究不同的防波堤布置对潮流、泥沙淤积的影响。结果表明,从港内泥沙淤积的角度看,在淤泥质海岸布置防波堤时宜尽可能保持工程前的流路。     

500吨级渔政船设计回顾

本文回顾了500吨级渔政船主尺度选择及设计中一些问题的处理方法。     

渔政船的兴波阻力数值计算与预报

渔政船是进行海上渔政监管与执法的专业船只,快速性是保证其顺利完成任务的关键因素。为了快速、准确地预报渔政船的兴波阻力,以Rankine源法和Michell积分法为基础,编制相应的数值计算程序,计算了某渔政船的兴波阻力,并将其计算结果与阻力试验值相比较,结果表明Rankine源法和试验值较为接近;再将Rankine源法与Holtrop法、Slender-body理论进一步地分析比较,发现对于高速渔政船来说,只要船体网格和自由面网格划分合理,Rankine源法在预报阻力方面优势更加突出。