Ontologies for transportation research: A survey

Transportation research relies heavily on a variety of data. From sensors to surveys, data supports day-to-day operations as well as long-term planning and decision-making. The challenges that arise due to the volume and variety of data that are found in transportation research can be effectively addressed by ontologies. This opportunity has already been recognized – there are a number of existing transportation ontologies, however the relationship between them is unclear. The goal of this work is to provide an overview of the opportunities for ontologies in transportation research and operation, and to present a survey of existing transportation ontologies to serve two purposes: (1) to provide a resource for the transportation research community to aid in understanding (and potentially selecting between) existing transportation ontologies; and (2) to identify future work for the development of transportation ontologies, by identifying areas that may be lacking.     

基于Prover的联锁软件形式化验证过程研究

计算机联锁系统是铁路信号控制系统的核心设备,是有着苛刻安全要求的复杂控制系统。本文采用Prover形式化开发工具对联锁软件安全需求进行形式化验证。通过模型检验的形式化验证方法,遍历系统输入变量的所有状态空间.验证联锁特定应用满足系统安全需求,确保系统的安全性得以正确实现。在保证系统安全性的基础上,以全状态空间查找反例的检验方法进一步提升产品的质量。     

基于FSA的舰艇安全风险决策研究

舰艇装备系统结构复杂,在使用过程中,存在着各方面的安全风险。FSA是一种帮助制定合理的规则和提供可能的风险控制方案的综合性评价工具。当以维修作为风险控制的主要手段时,可以优化FSA循环的步骤,采取并行的方式,解决保障资源有限的维修决策问题。     

大型船舶航行的风险分析与风险控制

安全科学的发展要求从传统的事故管理转变为风险管理。在构建船舶航行系统风险的基础上,通过船舶航行事故统计和船舶航行作业规范化安全评估,对目前大型船舶航行的风险构成、影响因素进行定量研究,提出了大型船舶航行的风险矩阵,并就船舶航行的风险控制提出一些措施。     

A trial application of FSA methodology to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers

Formal safety assessment (FSA) is a formal, structured and systematic methodology, aimed at enhancing maritime safety, including protection of life, property and marine environment, by using risk and cost–benefit assessments. For the application of this methodology to the rule-making process, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) presented the Interim Guidelines, which describe procedures of FSA and inputs/outputs of each procedure in detail. This paper basically deals with an application of FSA methodology according to the IMO's Interim Guidelines to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers, which was carried out as a cooperative research between Korean Register of Shipping and Seoul National University. As results of this application study, 18 hazards are identified and 32 risk control measures are devised to reduce the associated risks. Potential risks, costs and benefits when some Risk Control Options are introduced are evaluated in monetary unit of US $. Finally, some discussions and recommendations based on experiences are also given for both future work and better application of this FSA methodology to the rule-making process.     

综合安全评估(FSA)及其在船舶安全中的应用

综合安全评估(FSA)是近年来国外已在应用的一种安全评估方法。通过规范化的评估步骤，提出合理的并能有效控制风险的建议与措施，从而改进安全工作和提高安全水平。国际海事组织为确保船舶设计建造、营运管理和海上航行与环境等方面的安全，在20世纪末已将FSA引入和应用于船舶安全的领域。我们在介绍FSA方法及其实施的基础上，就FSA在船舶安全中应用的现状和发展进行论述，并提出了一些设想与建议。     

基于Timed RAISE的高速列车RBC切换协议形式化建模及验证

在CTCS-3(Chinese Train Control System Level 3)级列控系统中,RBC(Radio Block Center)切换是影响列车安全高效运行的重要环节,现阶段对RBC切换协议进行验证分析所使用的形式化方法还存在状态爆炸或描述性质单一等问题。基于Timed RAISE的形式化方法,结合域的模型,在对RBC切换流程分析的基础上,构建状态转移图,得到切换协议的形式化模型,使用等价和推断的推理规则对模型的正确性和实时性进行推理验证,得到的结果表明,RBC切换协议满足规范标准对正确性与实时性的要求,将验证结果与其他文献的结论进行比较分析,说明该方法具有通用性,对于推广其在列控系统场景验证中的应用有一定的实际意义。     

基于FSA理论的港口水域通航安全研究

综合安全评估(FSA)是一种结构化和系统性的分析方法。为确保港口水域通航安全,采用了该评估。综合地考虑影响安全的诸方面因素,通过对系统存在的风险进行综合性的评估,提出合理全面并能有效地控制风险发生、减少损失的措施。把综合安全评估(FSA)法的流程应用于港口水域通航安全评估中,为研究港口水域船舶通航安全提供一条新的途径。     

海坛海峡航行综合安全评估

海坛海峡是中小型船舶在东北季风盛行季节北上的黄金水道。由于海坛海峡的特殊地理条件及航道环境设施较差,再加上海峡又是渔业作业海域,作业渔船多,通航的环境与条件日趋复杂,船舶安全航行面临严峻的局面。通过采用综合安全评估方法,提出了一些相应的风险控制方案和决策性建议,将保障和提高海坛海峡船舶航行的安全性。     

谈孟克河人行桥的美学设计

以桥梁美学设计为出发点,主要阐述桥梁美学设计的基本观点、美学标准、美学设计的三要素及其实现方法;以此美学原理为基础分析孟克河人行桥的美学设计过程和特点。阐明设计时,如何使人行桥造型与形式、功能、环境相一致。