论《国际海运固体散装货物规则》的实施

文中就《国际海运固体散装货物规则》生效后,根据交通运输部海事局《关于执行<国际海运固体散装货物规则>有关事项的通知》要求,结合国内固体散装货物运输的现状,就海运固体散装货物申报、载运固体散装货物船舶申报进行了细致分析。对载运固体散装货物船舶提出了具体要求。针对检测机构,固体散装货物装、卸作业单位和海事机构监管工作提供了具有可操作性的参考。     

Determination of the transportable moisture limit of iron ore fines for the prevention of liquefaction in bulk carriers

In 2013, over 500 million metric tons of Iron Ore Fines (IOF) were transported around the world using bulk carriers. Under certain conditions IOF, while being transported, can possibly undergo liquefaction. Since 2006, there has been eight reported bulk carrier casualties possibly caused by the liquefaction of IOF. The objective of this study is to evaluate, compare and verify the limitations and relevance of the Proctor/Fagerberg, Flow Table and Penetration test methods that are used to determine the Transportable Moisture Limit (TML) of IOF. The TML is the maximum gross water content that bulk cargoes, including IOF, may contain while being transported at sea without being at risk of liquefying. A thorough literature review, along with laboratory research, was carried out to compare the TML results from the three leading test methods to determine whether they produce reliable results when testing IOF. The study concludes that the three test methods, as stated in the 2012 International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes Code, are unverified and therefore not appropriate for testing IOF. This is due to the variation in the results produced by the three test methods and also due to the difference in the physical properties of IOF when compared with the materials that were originally intended for testing. It is noted that the TML alone may not control the potential liquefaction of IOF and further studies, regarding the physical properties and system variables, which cause the material to liquefy, are required to determine the liquefaction potential of IOF.     

易流态化货物的安全运输

去年年底发生的5起因承运易流态化货物而沉船的事故,引起了我国航运界的高度关注。本文分析了易流态化货物对安全运输的影响,并进行了量化,得出了自由液面影响是其最主要诱因,因此,要建立风险评估和风险管理的有效机制,要合理理解和掌握货物的含水量,要合理核算经自由液面修正后的船舶稳性,以确保船舶运输的安全。     

摔罐试验与易流态化货物试运性关系研究

文中从易流态化货物运输中常用的摔罐试验介绍入手,分析目前摔罐试验应用情况,指出摔罐试验应用中可能存在的误区及可能引起的严重后果,提出履约建议。