Non-stationary random vibration analysis of three-dimensional train–bridge systems

The quarter car model has been used extensively to study the benefits of active, semi-active and passive suspensions. Despite the evident simplicity of the model, the insights obtained from this model have been found to have counterparts in half- and full-car suspension models. Among the most interesting results of the analysis of the quarter car are the relationships among certain transfer function and invariant points in the frequency response functions. These results are of great interest for the application of linear control techniques to the design of active suspensions and the optimisation of linearised passive suspensions. This paper attempts to show why some of the limitations implied by the model are less absolute than they at first seem.     

An insight into linear quarter car model accuracy

The linear quarter car model is the most widely used suspension system model. A number of authors expressed doubts about the accuracy of the linear quarter car model in predicting the movement of a complex nonlinear suspension system. In this investigation, a quarter car rig, designed to mimic the popular MacPherson strut suspension system, is subject to narrowband excitation at a range of frequencies using a motor driven cam. Linear and nonlinear quarter car simulations of the rig are developed. Both isolated and operational testing techniques are used to characterise the individual suspension system components. Simulations carried out using the linear and nonlinear models are compared to measured data from the suspension test rig at selected excitation frequencies. Results show that the linear quarter car model provides a reasonable approximation of unsprung mass acceleration but significantly overpredicts sprung mass acceleration magnitude. The nonlinear simulation, featuring a trilinear shock absorber model and nonlinear tyre, produces results which are significantly more accurate than linear simulation results. The effect of tyre damping on the nonlinear model is also investigated for narrowband excitation. It is found to reduce the magnitude of unsprung mass acceleration peaks and contribute to an overall improvement in simulation accuracy.     

数字生活小区管理信息系统的研究与开发

简要阐述了建立数字生活小区管理信息系统的必要性 ,介绍了该系统的设计思想、实现功能和方法。系统采用MOIMS、数据库技术、网络技术实现WebGIS的功能。     

舰艇生活舱室色彩设计方法初探

舰艇生活舱室色彩是构成舰员生活环境的一个重要组成部分,对舰员的心理、情感、健康及视觉功能等均有较大影响,积极合理地调节和设计生活舱室色彩,对改善舰艇生活保障能力并提高舰艇战斗力有着十分积极的作用。通过从舰艇自身的特点出发,对以住舱、卫生舱、厨房、餐厅、医疗舱和娱乐舱为代表的各类生活舱室的特点及现况予以分析,利用色彩的作用与效应,提出了各生活舱室的初步配色方案,以利用色彩的视觉功效改善舰员的生活环境、提高舰艇的生活保障能力。     

海上固定平台生活楼的设计

通过多型固定平台生活楼设计的实践，提出了合理布置生活楼，控制人均建筑面积，优化结构设计，正确选用材料的设计理念，从而减轻生活楼的总质量，降低生活楼的总造价。     

长江航运企业的国际化经营战略

勿庸质疑,吨位对任何一条船都是非常重要的数据,因为吨位除了表征船舶的大小和运输能力外,还是船舶一些收费和安全配额的基准,所以准确计算一条船的吨位十分重要。     

Are French millenials less car-oriented? Literature review and empirical findings

Generation effects play a key role in shaping long-term trends in travel behaviors. Though cohorts born until the 1970s have been increasingly car-focused, a reversal of this trend was noticed among the millenials. Determining whether this break-in-trend resulted from changes in living conditions and economic difficulties, or demonstrates a shift in attitudes away from the car, is critical to future travel trends. We bring a contribution to this debate in the French context, through a literature review followed by empirical findings, using the French Base of Local Household Travel Surveys. Through age-cohort analysis, we find evidence of changing travel patterns among the millenials, taking the form of a shift from driving to transit, along with a decline of car ownership. However, travel attitudes of the millenials play little role, as they do not differ substantially from their elders. Besides, we show that generation effects disappear once a large number of structural factors are controlled for. It looks like the main driver of change in travel behaviors comes from a shift in residential patterns, in relation with longer studies and a delayed entrance into the workforce, and possibly because of increasing work pressure, degraded transport conditions and changes in residential attitudes and desired lifestyles. In the end, these assumptions should be further explored, along with complementary research tracks, including the role of economic factors, the effects of learning experience, as well as heterogeneity in travel patterns, in relation with issues of social and spatial equity.     

海洋工程低噪音空调通风系统设计分析

分析海洋工程生活模块空调通风系统噪声的产生及传播方式,并通过对噪声传播的计算公式及经验图表加以分析,总结出低噪声空调通风系统在设计阶段应注意考虑的设计因素及布置方法,为低噪音空调通风系统设计提供参考。     

基于状态空间法的四分之一车辆模型分析

悬架系统是车辆行驶系统中的一个重要组成部分,主要用于吸收和缓冲车辆行驶过程中来自车轮和路面接触产生的振动,车辆行驶的平顺性主要靠悬架系统来保证。本文采用两自由度四分之一车辆模型对悬架系统动力学模型进行建模,结合状态空间分析法分析不同悬架等效刚度和阻尼、不同轮胎等效刚度、不同车辆载重等情况下对车辆行驶平顺性的影响,为悬架的优化设计提供参考。     

FPSO生活区设计研究与探讨

介绍大连中远船务工程有限公司所承建的巴西石油公司P-74～P-77 FPSO生活区模块工程中生活区的设计思路,强调人机工程学分析原理在设计中的运用,讨论设计中需改进的内容.