MARPOL 73/78附则Ⅰ/25A计算方法与应用

介绍了MARPOL 73/78附则Ⅰ第25A条有关软件稳性计算方法与应用实例.实践表明,该软件开发很成功,可大大减少计算工作量,提高工作效率.     

《MARPOL73/78》附则VI与柴油机NO_x排放控制技术

着重介绍《MARPOL 73/78》附则VI的起源和发达国家船舶柴油机氮氧化物(NOx)的排放控制技术发展状况,随着《MARPOL 73/78》附则VI的正式实施和今后国际海事组织(IMO)对《MARPOL 73/78》附则VI的进一步修订,船舶柴油机NOx的排放控制及其相关技术会受到包括轮机管理在内的相关人员越来越多的关注。     

Compliance with MARPOL Annex VI regulation 14 by ships in the Gulf of Guinea sub-region: Issues,challenges and opportunities

The negative environmental and health impacts association with high sulphur dioxide emissions from shipboard machineries have been raised by various stakeholders within the marine transportation sector. It is against this backdrop that the International Maritime Organisation under the MARPOL Annex VI regulation 14 has capped sulphur emission to 0.1% for Sulphur Emission Control Areas and 0.5% for the other shipping nations. However, ship owners in the Gulf of Guinea (GoG) sub-region are facing multitudes of challenges in meeting up with this new IMO regulation. This paper aims to identify the main barriers hampering effective compliance to this new regulation by ships operating in the GoG, rank the barriers, and then discuss the possible opportunities that may arise as a result of addressing the challenges. To identify the main barriers, experts with several years of experience in the maritime industry from Ghana and Cameroun were used while multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method combining analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) was employed to rank the barriers. Other methods such as fuzzy AHP (FAHP), rank-order centroid (ROC) and TOPSIS were combined to validate the result of the study. The findings indicate that lack of infrastructure, lack of comprehensive marine air pollution laws and high capital and operational costs of sulphur reduction solutions emerged as the top three ranked barriers. The findings of this study can be useful to ship owners and policy makers in dealing with the issues of marine air pollution.     

The implications of MARPOL Annex V on the management of ports and coastal communities

Abstract

The passage of the Marine Plastics Pollution Research and Control Act of 1987 (MPPRCA), which codified Annex V of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), has encompassed every commercial and recreational shipping and boating facility in the United States. As a group, these ports, harbors, and marinas form a significant, although proportionately small, portion of the coastline of the country. More important, the economic benefits derived from the complex shoreside infrastructures required for international ocean trade, commercial and recreational fishing, and pleasure boating indicate just how critical it is for these facilities to be in conformance with effective and prudent coastal zone and environmental management practices.     

关于现行船舶规范及未来趋势的分析研究

本文简单介绍了近期已经生效或者即将生效的规则规范,并试图通过分析总结,对未来立法趋势做一个简单预测。     

基于“MARPOL公约”的船用焚烧炉操作要点分析

文章通过对"MARPOL公约"附则Ⅵ"防止船舶造成大气污染规则"的分析,阐述了船用焚烧炉的排放控制、监控和操作要求,提出了船用焚烧炉的操作要点。     

船舶防油污现状研究及展望

通过对2008年至2012年中国船级社（China Classification Society ,CCS)入级船舶,港口国检查（Port State Control,PSC）缺陷分析,发现近年来随着一系列防油污染相关决议的生效,导致防污染问题逐渐增加,文章从近年来新生效的防油污染决议入手,研究当前防油污染现状,并结合设计、建造及航行管理的要求,深入研究各项法规的细节和难点,以进一步提高防油污染管理效率;最终探究未来防油污染合理可行的发展方向,以推动防油污染技术及管理水平的提高。     

瘢痕疙瘩间充质干细胞的分离与培养及其生长曲线的研究

目的探索获得瘢痕疙瘩来源的高纯度间充质干细胞(MSCs)的培养方法。方法来源于第四军医大学唐都医院皮肤科住院的4例患者的瘢痕疙瘩标本,所取病变部位均位于前胸及后背皮肤,采用DMEM∶F12/(100mL/L)胎牛血清(FBS)初步培养,再改用低糖DMEM/(100mL/L)FBS培养,接着用低糖DMEM/(10mL/L)FBS培养,最后用无血清的干细胞培养基(SCM)培养,并通过观察细胞形态特征及应用流式细胞术检测细胞表面标记物的表达情况进行鉴定。结果经血清梯度培养后得到了长梭形、形态均一,纯度较高的纤维样细胞,经流式细胞仪检测后细胞表面标记物表达情况为:CD29为99.99%,CD44为99.7%,CD45为0.69%,CD73为99.96%。结论血清浓度逐渐降低的梯度培养法可获得高纯度的瘢痕疙瘩MSCs。     

Cloning and sequencing of a DNA fragment encoding N37 apoptotic peptide derived from p53

Objective It was reported that p53 apoptotic peptide (N37) could inhibit p73 gene through being bound with iASPP, which could induce tumor cell apoptosis. To further explore the function of N37, we constructed the cloning plasmid of DNA fragment encoding p53 (N37) apoptotic peptide by using DNA synthesis and molecular biology methods. Methods According to human p53 sequence from the GenBank database, the primer of p53(N37) gene was designed using Primer V7.0 software. The DNA fragment encoding p53 (N37) apoptotic peptide was amplified by using self-complementation polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and cloned into the pGEM-T Easy vector. The constructed plasmid was confirmed by endonuclease analysis and sequencing. Results The insertion of objective DNA fragment was confirmed by plasmid DNA enzyme spectrum analysis, p53 (N37) gene was successfully synthesized chemically in vitro. The sequencing result of positive clone was completely identical to the human p53(N37) sequence in GenBank using BLAST software (http://www. ncbi. him. nih. gov/cgi-bin /BLASTn). Conclusion The cloning of DNA fragment encoding p53(N37) apoptotic peptide was constructed by using DNA synthesis and pGEM-T Easy cloning methods. With the constructed plasmid, we could further investigate the function of N37 peptide.     

MARPOL73/78附则VI和船舶柴油机排放污染控制

本文阐述了控制船舶柴油机废气排放的必要性和国际海事组织(IM O)对船舶柴油机排放的控制标准;介绍了当前降低柴油机排气中NOX、SOX、COX和颗粒(PM )排放污染的技术措施,以及减少燃油挥发性有机化合物(VOCS)的方法.并讨论了各种措施的利弊、适用范围及今后应探讨的问题.