数学角度的经济增加值(EVA)分析

EVA是当今经济学论文中出现较多的新词之一,作为新的公司价值评价标准,它有许多的优点.然而,它与NPV等一些我们惯用的经济指标相比究竟有何不同,本文试图从数学角度入手,全面介绍了EVA的计算,并通过与NPV,MVA的比较,从理论上说明了EVA的优势与局限.     

NPV法在风险投资项目评价中的应用

净现值（NPV）法是传统投资项目评价中常用的方法,风险投资的特殊性决定净现值（NPV）法必须加以改进才能应用于风险投资项目评价中.探讨了净现值（NPV）法在风险投资项目评价中应用的机理,并具体分析了NPV法运用的方法、步骤,最后给出该方法应用的实际案例.     

净现值与内含报酬率的比较分析

净现值和内含报酬率是资本投资决策采用的两个重要指标,两者之间通常具有一致性。但当两个投资方案为互斥方案时,时常会出现排序差异的情况。本文就两者关系做了比较分析,揭示出两者的根本区别在于基本假设不同,并提出实践中较为可行的决策方法。     

Evaluation,prioritization and selection of transportation investment projects in New York City

Over the last decade, a large number of high capital cost transportation projects have been proposed for the New York City Region. Many have resulted from addressing evolving capacity needs, changes in regional demographics and economics, meeting the improvements necessitated by operating century old subway systems and recognizing the impact of moving freight in a dense region. But the catalyst for bringing all of these projects to the attention of the public and all regional agencies was the tragedy of September 11, 2001. While these projects entail massive investments ($50–$60 billion), little analytical work has been carried out to measure the transportation and economic costs and benefits they entail and to categorize them accordingly. Competition among agencies to secure adequate resources to implement any of the desired projects makes such analysis necessary; yet there still remain political, vested economic interests and agency rivalry barriers to achieving this important planning objective. This paper reports the methodological approach taken by these authors for consistent and transparent project evaluation and then presents results from the ranking and prioritizing methodology. The policy underpinnings and implications of the analysis are discussed in a subsequent paper and thus only briefly touched upon here in the concluding section.