铁路综合视频监控系统设计的用户需求研究

结合武汉铁路局京广北线综合视频监控系统工程设计,整理、归纳并对用户需求进行研究,仅供工程设计参考。     

北美地区沥青混合料离析问题研究概述

主要介绍了北美地区沥青混合料离析的一些研究成果,详细叙述了离析对沥青混合料性能的影响,重点分析了路面离析的各种无损检测方法的适用范围和优缺点,并指出各地区应根据这些优缺点选择合适的检测方法,有效地检测沥青混合料离析现象,从而提高沥青混凝土路面质量。     

A trace metal (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu) balance for surface waters in the eastern Gotland Basin, Baltic Sea

Trace metal inventories and transboundary fluxes were estimated for the surface waters of the eastern Gotland Basin, and a mass balance for this water body was derived.The study area was delineated by a box which bordered vertically by the sea surface and the halocline and horizontally by the coast of Gotland and the coast of Latvia/Lithuania. For the calculation of the trace metal inventories in the box, a high-resolution sampling was carried out during different seasons. Additional sediment trap studies were performed to calculate the vertical particulate trace metal fluxes through the halocline.The following transboundary fluxes have been estimated: (a) atmospheric input of trace metals; (b) lateral transport from adjacent bodies of surface water; (c) diapycnal fluxes of dissolved trace metals at the halocline; (d) sinking of trace metals, associated with particles, through the halocline, (e) vertical advection through the halocline.The lateral transport into and out of the surface box is important for the metals (Cd, Cu, Zn) with “nutrient-like” behaviour. For particle reactive elements like lead, vertical sedimentation and lateral transport out of the box as much as atmospheric input and lateral input into the box are in the same order of magnitude. Turbulent diapycnal mixing plays a minor role compared to the advective fluxes.The estimated range for the residence times for the region under investigation are  0.5–1.3 years for Pb;  2–11 years for Zn,  7–36 years for Cd and 42–89 years for Cu. This demonstrates that the system reacts very fast for particle reactive elements like Pb, while for copper sedimentation processes are not the preferential sink and can be neglected.     

星占对北宋军事活动的影响

天文星占作为古代军事术数中的重要组成部分,在中国古代的军事活动中起着非常重要的作用。在多个政权同时并存、战争频仍的北宋时期,星占不仅是政府军备决策的重要依据、朝臣演绎战争与和平的工具,而且有时对战争进程也产生一定的影响,以独特的方式影响着北宋政府的战争与和平。     

The Role of Spatial Data Management Strategies in ICZM in Ireland

This article explores how a fresh approach to integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) in Ireland might be forged through the identification of a number of key innovative cross-sectoral professional initiatives and interdisciplinary academic thinking in this sector. It includes three interlinked research themes that assess existing cross-sectoral data management issues (to include an assessment of readiness for the INSPIRE and compliance with the Re-use of Public Sector Information European Union Directives), the degree of cross-pollination between the various sectors involved in managing the Irish Coastal Zone (to identify the need (or otherwise) for capacity- building to encourage cross-fertilization of ideas, skills, and knowledge exchange), and cross-professional competencies (to assess the desire/need (if any) for those working in coastal zone management to add to their existing competencies through continuous professional development or lifelong learning opportunities). Indeed, the specific competencies for coastal practitioners are identified here and these further illustrate the need for professional recognition of the role, responsibilities, and therefore the requirement for an appropriately qualified “Coastal Manager” professional, one that is seen not merely as a nicety but rather a necessity—a core enabler in any future innovative and integrative management approach.     

浅析北方寒冷地区山岭隧道渗漏水病害的成因及防治措施

深入分析了近几年辽宁省建成通车的部分隧道渗漏水病害问题,并有针对性地提出了预防措施和治理方法,为今后北方寒冷地区隧道防排水系统的设计、施工及管理提供参考.     

天文星占在北宋皇权政治中的作用

天星占在中国古代皇权政治中起着极为特殊的作用，历代统治往往把其作为一种重要的统治手段来运作。本探讨了天星占在北宋皇权政治中所发挥的作用，认为它是维护皇权正统形象的有效手段，是约束皇权的有力武器，也是左右朝臣进退的重要工具。     

A Review of Beach Bye-Law Usage in Supporting Coastal Management in Ireland

Coastal areas are commonly the focus of a range of human activities and uses. Beaches are one example of multi-use coastal environments, accommodating activities linked to leisure and recreation, amenity, conservation and business, often simultaneously. Ireland is no different in this regard, as its beach resources provide a range of goods and services of societal value. Ireland has 16 coastal counties and their associated local authorities have a beach management remit, a role that can present a number of challenges. The use of beach bye-laws is one option to support management of beach environments by local authorities. Local authority personnel tasked with beach management from each coastal local authority were surveyed to assess the actual and potential role of beach bye-laws in contributing to more effective management of beach environments and to broader coastal management. Usage of beach bye-laws varied across local authority areas and evidence suggested that the efficacy, use, and implementation of beach bye-laws differed from county to county. Beach bye-laws offer potential but interaction with other initiatives as part of a wider program for coastal management may yield improved results.     

Does a carbon tax affect the feasibility of Arctic shipping?

The Arctic route has huge potential for shipping between Europe and Northeast Asia with significant savings in transit time and distance. However, GHG emissions from shipping would harm the environment of Arctic area. Potential Market Based Measures of GHG emission reduction (such as carbon tax) are under consideration but they may affect the economic viability of Northern Sea Route (NSR) for containerships. This paper investigates the economic viability of NSR against Suez Canal Route (SCR) under 2 proposed carbon tax schemes (fixed vs. progressive). Three different fuel oil types (Heavy Fuel Oil, Light Fuel Oil, Liquified Natural Gas) are used as main bunker fuel for the calculation of economic feasibility. Our result reveals that when there is no carbon tax on NSR nor SCR, or both routes are under a carbon tax scheme, no matter fixed or progressive, NSR is more economically viable, regardless of fuel type choice. When only NSR is under a carbon tax scheme, the viability depends on specific carbon tax scheme and fuel choice, but for the majority of containership sizes, NSR has lower unit cost. The result also suggests that for a given route, a progressive scheme in preferable than a fixed one and LNG would be an appealing fuel with lower unit cost.     

北疆地区货运专线铁路站场设计特点研究

北疆地区地广人稀、自然条件恶劣、风力强劲频繁、降雨量稀少不均匀,存在瞬时洪水及风沙、风蚀、风吹雪等特殊不良地质现象,针对该地区独特的自然环境及地形地质特征,结合红柳河至淖毛湖铁路(货运专线铁路)设计实例,提出铁路站场设计应遵循的原则,根据上述不良地质形成的铁路病害成因及规律,在站址选择、站型、站场路基及车站房屋等方面,提出不同地形地质条件下铁路站场的特殊设计方案。