Who Owns Underwater Cultural Heritage in the South China Sea

The South China Sea has attained global attention because of terraria disputes over oil, gas, fisheries and other resources in the sea area. Compared with the valuable natural resources, the underwater cultural heritage is not recognized or considered, but is an important legacy of many losses of vessels over centuries. Recently, the surrounding states in the South China Sea have taken measures to preserve underwater cultural heritage in their sea waters. However, the current complicated situation of the South China Sea intensifies the difficulties of protection of underwater cultural heritagein that area. There is an important and interesting potential issue of identification of ownership of underwater cultural heritage because of differences of legislation and claims to jurisdiction. Under the current information of legislation of some states in the South China Sea, it can be understood this issue cannot be avoid on the protection of underwater cultural heritage. This article discusses potential disputes over ownership of underwater cultural heritage in the South China Sea based on the different legislation of several states (China, Vietnam and Philippines) and proposes some possible suggestions for resolving the issue of ownership, rather than performing a primary research.     

Optimal development of alternative fuel station networks considering node capacity restrictions

A potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transport sector is the use of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV). As global GHG emission standards have been in place for passenger cars for several years, infrastructure modelling for new AFV is an established topic. However, as the regulatory focus shifts towards heavy-duty vehicles (HDV), the market diffusion of AFV-HDV will increase as will planning the relevant AFV infrastructure for HDV. Existing modelling approaches need to be adapted, because the energy demand per individual refill increases significantly for HDV and there are regulatory as well as technical limitations for alternative fuel station (AFS) capacities at the same time. While the current research takes capacity restrictions for single stations into account, capacity limits for locations (i.e. nodes) – the places where refuelling stations are built such as highway entries, exits or intersections – are not yet considered. We extend existing models in this respect and introduce an optimal development for AFS considering (station) location capacity restrictions. The proposed method is applied to a case study of a potential fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle AFS network. We find that the location capacity limit has a major impact on the number of stations required, station utilization and station portfolio variety.     

辽宁省上市公司的股权结构与经营业绩相关因素的分析

通过对辽宁上市公司与全国上市公司的股权结构与经营业绩水平的分析,对比两者差异,试图寻找辽宁上市公司业绩表现的深层次原因,针对辽宁上市公司现状,结合股权分置改革提出改进意见与思考方向。     

Investor Protection, Ownership Structure and Corporate Valuation

Introduction The extent of legal protection of investors in acountry is an important determinant of the develop-ment of its financial markets[1,2]. In contrast to thedevelopment of Chinese economy, the developmentof stock market is not very satisfying. Co…     

基于销售与服务所有权的最优定价问题研究

通过对传统渠道和电子渠道的分析,研究了基于所有权的（销售与服务）的定价问题。考虑了在不同的所有权模式下,各方能带来不同的系统增益,从而分析了针对不同的市场结构、不同的产品结构,不同的需求弹性下,供应链各个主体如何通过积极有效的所有权控制策略来挖掘渠道发展的潜力。     

Extant Legal and Jurisdictional Constraints on Irish Coastal Management

The success of any coastal zone management policy is dependent on, among other things, effective legislation and its enforcement. This article examines some possible legal constraints on the implementation of an integrated coastal zone management policy in Ireland. An introduction to the existing legal framework is provided, and the inconsistencies and ambiguities related, in particular, to jurisdiction and area of responsibility are highlighted. In particular the effect of land ownership and property rights on coastal zone management are examined with reference to two popular resort beaches in County Donegal, Ireland. While a revision of the relevant legislation is desirable, it is probably unrealistic; however, powers are available to the various institutions involved in coastal management that are currently unused. These are reviewed and their potential to improve coastal zone management is discussed.     

Effects of corruption on efficiency of the European airports

The effect of corruption on airport productive efficiency is analyzed using an unbalanced panel data of major European airports from 2003 to 2009. We first compute the residual (or net) variable factor productivity using the multilateral index number method and then apply robust cluster random effects model in order to evaluate the importance of corruption. We find strong evidence that corruption has negative impacts on airport operating efficiency; and the effects depend on the ownership form of the airport. The results suggest that airports under mixed public–private ownership with private majority achieve lower levels of efficiency when located in more corrupt countries. They even operate less efficiently than fully and/or majority government owned airports in high corruption environment. We control for economic regulation, competition level and other airports’ characteristics. Our empirical results survive several robustness checks including different control variables, three alternative corruption measures: International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) corruption index, Corruption Perception Index (CPI) and Control of Corruption Index (CCI). The empirical findings have important policy implications for management and ownership structuring of airports operating in countries that suffer from higher levels of corruption.     

所有制结构改革与制度创新

界定所有制结构内涵,提出了所有制逻辑结构,数量结构,整体结构,分体结构等新范畴;阐述了单一公有制的形成及其弊端;综述了公有制为主体的多元所有制结构形成的理论发展过程;提出了继续调整完善所有制结构的重点;剖析了所有制结构改革与制度创新的关系。     

完善船舶所有权管理法律制度探讨

本文通过对我国船舶所有权管理中存在问题的分析，提出了要完善我国船舶所有权管理法律制度，并结合物权、海商法理论和有关实践，分别从完善船舶所有权登记与所有权管理行政处罚法律制度两方面对此进行了初步探讨。     

Lessons in ownership, regulation and management from 100 years of bus transport in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka observes 100 years of bus passenger transport in 2007. During this period the country has seen different forms of service providers ranging from private sector monopolies to state sector monopolies. It also has seen several changes in state policy ranging from welfare orientated service provision to entire market determined without any regulation. The existing regulated mixed competition is also characterized by poorly equipped regulators. In conclusion, the paper traces the different stages of failure that have led to the poor quality of bus transport services existing at present.