A coupled numerical approach to simulate the effect of earthquake frequency content on seismic behavior of submarine tunnel

Roughly 90% of all natural vibrations have epicenters in offshore zones and may cause destruction of submarine and floating structures. Such excitations can influence the safe performance of facilities set up on the seabed, like tunnels, jacket legs and subsea oil pipelines. Some researches on this theme have been carried out to demonstrate the importance of seaquake analyses and their effects have been underlined. The present study intends to numerically simulate a two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem in order to examine the dynamic response of submarine tunnel under real horizontal earthquakes. Pressure is considered as independent nodal variables to represent the fluid flow effects and the induced time-dependent acceleration in porous medium equation is incorporated in the analysis and the tunnel shell is considered as flexible. This work highlights the importance of the input ground motion frequency content that governs the development of the induced seismic stress/strain around the lining of the tunnel. The results demonstrate that for deep sea the increment rate of the circumferential stress caused by surface gravity waves is below 7% when compared to the no-wave interface condition. Moreover, it is confirmed that long-period record may amplify the overall response of the system (up to 60%) specially the lateral and vertical displacements, as well as the principal stress to a lesser extent. The developed numerical model can attend to further analysis of tunnels embedded in a half-space in conjunction with fluid undergoing the severe long-period earthquakes.     

Use of localized necking and fracture as a failure criterion in ship collision analysis

This study explores the use of localized necking for failure modeling in maritime crash analysis, using large shell elements. The assumption that the failure of a large shell element occurs simultaneously with the onset of localized necking is revisited. This study particularly investigates the numerical implementation of the localized necking condition and its implications on the results of ship collision analysis involving not only plate rupture but also various failure mechanisms such as the crushing and tearing of web girders, stringers, and their intersections. Through a series of large-scale collision simulations, the effects of bending deformation on the initiation of necking, non-proportional loading paths, and ductile fractures not preceded by localized necking, are investigated. It is demonstrated that a localized necking-based fracture model provides a reasonable, relatively mesh-insensitive estimate of the onset of fracture in the outer hull panels; however, fracture propagation is very sensitive to the numerical implementation of the necking and fracture model, especially for the cases involving the crushing of web frames and stringers.     

船舶碰撞后的处理

从船舶碰撞责任的基础知识出发，结合运实务，指出了碰撞发生后的处理程序，对船长及船东在发生此类海事后的处理方法提供了参考，有一定的指导意义。     

横甩研究概况与发展方向

介绍了非线性动力学理论在船舶横甩研究中的应用，总结了近年来横甩研究的主要方法和结论，最后指出了横甩问题尚需深入研究的几个方面。     

气象信息在船舶管理中的应用

从船舶航行安全、可靠性角度考虑，一个重要的影响因素是航行船舶所在海域的气象状况，因此气象信息对于船舶调度管理起到非常积极重要的作用。如何获取气象信息，并把获取的气象信息融合到电子海图显示平台中，对于航行船舶的监控和管理显得十分有意义。针对如何获取气象信息及如何与电子海图叠加显示两方面的内容进行了论述。     

遥控水下液压绞车的研制

深水救生潜器对接系统液压绞车是载人潜器上不可缺少的救生设备之一。其机械系统要求体积小，重量轻，且具有低转速、大扭矩的工作特性；控制系统要求收放绳能自动检测、显示，极限绳长时能自动控停、报警，且有掉电保护等功能。本文主要从机械系统和控制系统两个方面介绍该液压绞车的基本原理、结构、误差处理方法及试验情况。     

热泡灭火系统

介绍了热泡灭火系统的组成、功能、技术参数、使用及注意事项。     

潜射导弹无动力运载器的滚控暨分离技术研究

导弹水下发射无动力运载器需要滚动控制技术，但该技术在当前研制的静力分离运载器中难于实施。鉴于此，本文提出一种新的弹器分离方案－动力分离方案（即弹射分离方案），文中对动力分离运载器的结构和弹道性能作了较详细的介绍，并与静力分离方案作了较全面的比较。     

基于神经——模糊控制的船舶操纵系统研究

本文针对船舶操纵这种非线性、时变参数控制对象，提出了一种采用神经—模糊控制的方案，给出了神经—模糊控制器的基本设计方法。仿真结果表明，这种控制器与一般自适应模糊控制器相比，船舶操纵系统的性能有明显提高。     

应用人工神经网络理论的船舶运动包络预报方法

本文首先介绍了人工神经网络理论的基本内容以及前馈网络反向传播的训练方法，然后应用单隐含层网络作出船舶运动包络的实时预报。文中就一船舶的海上实测运动数据进行了实例计算，结果表明，本文方法的预报结果明显好于其它模型的自适应预报结果。