Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

基于改进Radon变换的直线钢轨识别算法

针对传统Radon变换在直线轨道检测方面速度慢且不能从众多边缘直线中识别出钢轨,提出基于改进Radon变换的直线轨道识别算法。首先,通过阈值筛选的边缘点;其次,利用先验知识,建立极角约束域;然后通过Radon变换提取所有直线,再利用直线角度差和直线平均距离筛选出钢轨边缘直线;最后将本文算法与传统Hough变换算法和传统Radon变换算法的比较,实验结果显示本文算法能精准识别出钢轨,且速度更快。     

剃齿刀刃磨技术

剃齿刀和其它金属切削刀具一样，切削工件数越多，其刀具切削刃磨损越严重，并导致切削工件几何精度下降，这时在加工件的尺寸超出它的允许公差之前，剃齿刀切削刃槽底出现磨损，切削刃变钝这时必须进行修磨，另外，阐述了剃齿刀直径与公法线关系及刃磨图表的应用，以及不同阶段的剃齿刀对齿轮齿形的影响及采取的相应措施。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle

This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle. Tests were carried out under quasi-steady-state conditions, on a full-scale roller rig, and allowed to point out the effect of different parameters like the wheelset's angle of attack and the ratio between the vertical loads acting on the flanging and non-flanging wheels. On the basis of the test results, some existing derailment criteria are analysed in this paper and two new criteria are proposed. A model of wheel–rail contact is proposed for the mathematical modelling of the flange climb process, and numerical vs. experimental comparisons are used to obtain model validation.     

固体清除剂吸附CO_2容量的测定

固体清除剂吸附CO2容量常用的测定方法有流量法、重量法、量气法和滴定法。用这些方法对常温下LiOH、KO2、LiOH-KO2-Ca(OH)2和弱碱性纤维等固体清除剂吸附CO2的吸附容量进行分析。当动力学流程中总流量为30L、CO2浓度为1%;或密闭空间内通入CO2流量为120L/h时,由于吸附容量测试方法不同,固体清除剂吸附CO2容量的数值存在一定差异,其大小顺序为:流量法>重量法>滴定法>量气法。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle

This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle. Tests were carried out under quasi-steady-state conditions, on a full-scale roller rig, and allowed to point out the effect of different parameters like the wheelset's angle of attack and the ratio between the vertical loads acting on the flanging and non-flanging wheels. On the basis of the test results, some existing derailment criteria are analysed in this paper and two new criteria are proposed. A model of wheel-rail contact is proposed for the mathematical modelling of the flange climb process, and numerical vs. experimental comparisons are used to obtain model validation.     

微波溶样/原子吸收法测定铁路危货站固体废弃物中的重金属

参照美国ＥＰＡＳＷ８４６规定的标准方法，采用Ｑ－４５型微波溶样系统消解样品，原子吸收法测定铁路桃浦危险品货站固体废渣原样、浸滤渣样、浸提液样中的重金属Ｂｅ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ。研究了样品的消解条件、分析的最佳条件。各元素精密度实验的相对标准偏差在０．５４％～１２．８％，标准土样的测定回收率在７６．４９％～１０３．３３％。并报告了对上海铁路局桃浦危货站现场样品的测定结果。     

门式起重机主梁的快速参数化设计系统研究

针对采用传统方法设计门式起重机主梁周期长、效率低和制造成本高等问题,在大规模定制思想的指导下提出参数化的快速设计方法。通过三维Solid Works 2010软件构建主梁模型,以VB软件为开发工具,并以Microsoft Access为支撑数据库,建立门式起重机主梁的快速设计系统。该系统采用模块化设计、自动生成装配草图和工程图优化设计等关键技术,解决传统设计方法的难题,不仅提高了产品制造质量,还可满足客户快速定制的要求。     

运动图像处理在汽车车型识别中的应用

本文介绍了“多品种混流机器人喷漆自动线的汽车车型识别系统”的一种算法,提出了基于运动序列图像的自适应阈值判别法和利用特征匹配法解决了同种车型的图像在结构上产生局部变化的识别问题。     

推移质间相互作用力研究

沉降性浆体中固体颗粒处于滑跳移运动状态时,固体颗粒将受到摩擦力的影响。推移质的整体摩擦力等于推移质间剪切力和推移质与管壁间摩擦力的和。任意推移质的剪切力与固体颗粒的体积分数成比例,由力的平衡方程可以推导出其比例系数。