基于Top-down的载货汽车设计方法

简述了Top-down设计方法的应用背景,并对Top-down规范化设计的工具进行了定义.结合某载货汽车的具体设计过程,对Top-down规范化设计的先期准备工作和Top-down规范化设计方法的具体实施过程进行了详细阐述.提出了设计数据轻量化、产品结构模块化、设计信息传递标准化以及同步设计的产品开发理念,探讨了一种符合载货汽车设计流程的设计方法.     

Top-down effects and carbon flux in the ocean: A hypothesis

The close relationships between mesozooplankton, chlorophyll, and primary production normally observed across latitudes may be regarded as a bottom-up effect of increased productivity or, conversely, as a top-down effect of mesozooplankton on microzooplankton, releasing phytoplankton growth. The time-course of primary producers and mesozooplankton observed during the Late Winter Bloom in subtropical waters suggests a top-down effect, similar to the results found in lakes and mesocosm experiments. Two scenarios were observed during the development of the bloom in the Canary Island waters. The first was the increase in mesozooplankton as the effect of higher primary production due to mixing. The second scenario was the decrease in mesozooplankton due to the top-down effect of predation by diel vertical migrants upon epipelagic mesozooplankton. The structure of the food web in the euphotic zone was different depending on the presence or not of mesozooplankton, suggesting important consequences for the transport of carbon in those large areas of the ocean.     

浅谈地铁施工管线保护

结合沈阳地铁二号线一期工程青年公园站、工业展览馆站、文体路站及文～五区间隧道上下行线的工程实例,对地铁工程管线保护的有关问题进行了初步探索和总结。     

基于Top-down设计方法的客车底盘开发技术

当前国内客车企业普遍采用传统的自底向上设计方法进行底盘设计开发。本文提出一种基于协同设计环境的自顶向下（Top-down）设计方法,并以某旅游客车底盘开发为对象进行实践应用。结果表明,Top-down设计方法能较好地实现数据从设计到出图的无缝连接,能有效提高底盘设计效率。