准比例谐振控制算法在三相逆变电源中的应用研究

非线性负载会在三相车载逆变电源系统中引入谐波,损伤用电设备。为了降低逆变电源输出电压谐波含量,文章研究了基于准比例谐振控制算法的谐波抑制方法 ,主要抑制电源输出的5次和7次谐波。通过仿真模型和实物试验,测试了传统瞬时控制方法和准比例谐振控制方法的差别。结果表明,准比例谐振控制方法既能消除输出电压中的特定次谐波,又可满足系统动态响应性能和稳态精度要求,具有良好的谐波抑制效果。     

自适应神经网络用于船舶动力定位系统

船舶动力定位（DP）采用一种控制系统驱动装在船上的侧推器和尾部推进器或者几个全回转的推进器，使船定位在海平面的要求位置上。船受到风、浪及流等海洋环境力的作用时会漂移离开原位置，传统的控制方法是采用PID（比例、积分、微分）反馈控制。顾和李（1994）提出了一种新的基于人工神经网络的控制方法，它具有许多优越性：①一个可随意调节的目标函数以适合不同的需求──定位精度高或节约定位能量后前馈控制并能自适应于不同的环境力变化包括非线性的波浪漂力；本文在目标函数中引入了与速度相关的项，从而提高控制质量。这一方法也可用于自动驾驶船舶沿设定的轨迹航行。计算机模拟结果表明本方法能达到很好的控制效果。     

水深对船舶运动和波浪载荷的影响

本文利用简单Green函数法计算二维水动力，特切片法用于有限深水中船舶运动和波载的计算。对实船试算了迎浪航行时几种不同航速和水深的组合，计算结果（垂荡和纵摇响应、舯弯矩和钟前1／4船长处剪力）表明水深的显著影响。水深变浅，垂荡和纵摇响应峰值变小，弯矩和剪力变大，航速越大水深的影响越显著。     

Second-order perturbation added mass fluctuation on vertical vibration of tension leg platforms

Total motion in waves can be considered as a superposition of the motion of the body in still water and the forces on the restrained body. In this study the effect of added mass fluctuation on vertical vibration of tension leg platforms (TLP) in the case of vibration in still water for both free and forced vibration subjected to axial load at the top of the leg is presented. This effect is more important when the amplitude of vibration is large. Also this is important in fatigue life study of tethers. The structural model used here is very simple. Perturbation method is used to formulate and solve the problem. First- and second-order perturbations are used to solve the free and forced vibrations, respectively.     

基于马尔可夫链的极值波高预测

本文研究了由日最大波高系列估算设计极值波高时，相邻日最大波高间的相关性对极值预测的影响，从日最大波高系列遵从马尔可夫链的假定出发，考虑到国内外经常采用对数一正态分布的韦布尔分布拟合波高长期分布的现实，本文用解析法求解了对数一正态分布情况下的极值预测。同时，对解析法难以求解的非正态随机变量情况（如韦布尔分布），用计算机随机模拟方法求解其极值预测，用上述两种方法对北大西洋和北海有关日最大波高系列的预测     

冲击荷载下CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道结构振动与噪声的关联性研究

为揭示冲击荷载作用下无砟轨道结构振动和噪声的内在关联性,采用1∶1足尺模型对CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道结构进行多组冲击振动试验。通过在板式无砟轨道不同方向、不同位置的锤击,获得钢轨轨顶、轨腰、轨底各个位置的加速度及声强声压数据,采用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)获得了振动和噪声的频谱图,并进行频域特性对比分析,研究振动和噪声的内在关联性。结果表明:侧向冲击荷载下,轨顶轨腰处声强主要与侧向振动有关,频谱图峰值对应良好;垂向冲击荷载下,0~1 500 Hz区段的声强主要受垂向振动影响。     

铁路基桩反射波法完整性检测应用探讨

对使用反射波法检测铁路大直径基桩完整性时,其反射波曲线中浅部会产生1个正向缺陷信号的问题作了详细探讨。经分析,它是由于基桩在冲击成孔或人工挖孔施工中,其桩顶砂浆没有清理干净和人工挖孔桩护壁等原因引起的。所以,在采用反射波法检测基桩完整性时,其桩顶砂浆要清理干净,且露出含有粗细骨料均匀致密呈青色的混凝土新表面,而对于人工挖孔桩的护壁影响因素可在桩体混凝土强度达到设计强度95%时进行检测。这样,就能够消除反射波曲线中浅部的正向缺陷信号,以便正确判定基桩完整性。     

发动机点火波形与故障分析

点火波形是发动机点火系工作时点火线圈初级、次级电流及电压随时间（或曲轴转角）变化的关系在专用示波器上的显示，它实时地反映了点火系的工作状况。因此，点火系的故障也必然反映在点火波形上。分析了点火波形的形成、影响点火波形的因素     

Tuning of transfer functions for analysis of wave–ship interactions

Transfer functions are often used together with a wave spectrum for analysis of wave–ship interactions, where one application addresses the prediction of wave-induced motions or other types of global responses. This paper presents a simple and practical method which can be used to tune the transfer function of such responses to facilitate improved prediction capability. The input to the method consists of a measured response, i.e. time series sequences from a given sensor, the 2D wave spectrum characterising the seaway in which the measurements are taken, and an initial estimate of the transfer function for the response in study. The paper presents results obtained using data from an in-service container ship. The 2D wave spectra are taken from the ERA5 database, while the transfer function is computed by a simple closed-form expression. The paper shows that the application of the tuned transfer function leads to predictions which are significantly improved compared to using the transfer function without tuning.     

Comparing different contour methods with response-based methods for extreme ship response analysis

Environmental contours are often applied in probabilistic structural reliability analysis to identify extreme environmental conditions that may give rise to extreme loads and responses. They facilitate approximate long term analysis of critical structural responses in situations where computationally heavy and time-consuming response calculations makes full long-term analysis infeasible. The environmental contour method identifies extreme environmental conditions that are expected to give rise to extreme structural response of marine structures. The extreme responses can then be estimated by performing response calculations for environmental conditions along the contours.Response-based analysis is an alternative, where extreme value analysis is performed on the actual response rather than on the environmental conditions. For complex structures, this is often not practical due to computationally heavy response calculations. However, by establishing statistical emulators of the response, using machine learning techniques, one may obtain long time-series of the structural response and use this to estimate extreme responses.In this paper, various contour methods will be compared to response-based estimation of extreme vertical bending moment for a tanker. A response emulator based on Gaussian processes regression with adaptive sampling has been established based on response calculations from a hydrodynamic model. Long time-series of sea-state parameters such as significant wave height and wave period are used to construct N-year environmental contours and the extreme N-year response is estimated from numerical calculations for identified sea states. At the same time, the response emulator is applied on the time series to provide long time-series of structural response, in this case vertical bending moment of a tanker. Extreme value analysis is then performed directly on the responses to estimate the N-year extreme response. The results from either method will then be compared, and it is possible to evaluate the accuracy of the environmental contour method in estimating the response. Moreover, different contour methods will be compared.