Widening the Panama Canal and U.S. ports: historical and economic impact analyses

ABSTRACT

The economic history of the U.S. illustrates how the role of many cities has been changed by being seaports or located on navigable rivers or lakes. Based on the widening of the Panama Canal in 2016, the West Coast ports that include the west coast seaports of California, Oregon, and Washington were expected to become less important, while the freight shares of the East Coast and Gulf ports would increase. By how much it has been not easy to measure or predict so far, but this study attempted to define some of the key parameters in the measurement. As well as several relevant background topics, both the demand- and supply-side versions of the National Interstate Economic Model, have been applied for the measurement of economic impacts. U.S. port authorities and policy makers at the local and national levels who respond and develop plans for coping with the new realities of the Panama Canal are able to understand the extent to which changes in shippers’ and land-mode transporters’ behaviors would undermine the logistics and the costs of their activities. Therefore, this study is important for a diverse spectrum of port development strategies in the U.S. to respond to the Canal expansion.     

海岸泥沙运动研究综述和展望

总结了推移质泥沙研究的现状 ,分析了海岸泥沙研究的动向 ,并展望了海岸泥沙研究的前景。     

南昌西站综合交通枢纽环境振动试验分析

现代大型综合交通枢纽综合了多种交通工具,实现了航空、高铁、普铁、轨道交通、公交和磁悬浮列车等多种交通方式的零换乘或短距离换乘。站房结构中包含高架桥梁、隧道和大跨度空间等复杂结构体系。由复杂结构形式而引发的环境振动,往往对人和精密仪器的使用造成极大的伤害。对南昌西站综合交通枢纽环境振动实测分析的结果表明,振动响应满足环境测评标准和舒适度要求。     

The dredging dilemma: Economic development and environmental protection in Oakland Harbor

Abstract

Seaport expansion often generates tensions between the national interest in efficient transport and local interests in water quality and habitat preservation. The governing American permitting system, however, establishes an extraordinarily cumbersome, legalistic, and costly method for balancing environmental and economic considerations. A case study of the Port of Oakland illustrates the tendency. For four years, plans to find an environmentally acceptable site for dredged material have been stymied by a sequence of inconclusive regulatory and judicial proceedings. Meanwhile, large container ships can enter and leave Oakland harbor only at high tide, and not fully loaded. Despite the absence of any authoritative determination concerning environmental risks, the port was compelled to accede to progressively more expensive disposal methods. Such “adversarial legalism”; is not unique to the Oakland harbor case, but recurs in other policy spheres. It stems from a governmental structure that fragments decision‐making power among many agencies, that constrains regulatory discretion with legal demands for scientific certainty, and that by allowing agency decisions to be challenged readily in court, encourages legalistic defensiveness and extortion rather than compromise. The article concludes with a discussion of the conditions under which regional planning bodies might overcome these centrifugal tendencies.     

The Necessity of Establishing a Regional Marine Research Program for the U.S. West Coast

The welfare of the marine environment of the U.S. West Coast of California, Oregon, and Washington is hindered by insufficient understanding of ecosystem dynamics and human pressures. Greater coordination, integration, and support of mutually identified research priorities across research organizations on the West Coast are necessary. This level of collaboration is essential to responding to regional ecosystem threats, such as the impacts of human occupation of coastal areas, over-harvesting of marine resources, and climate change. To address this need for collaboration and build on the accomplishments of existing research organizations, this article advocates the establishment of a West Coast regional marine research program (RMRP).     

浅谈香港西铁项目计划管理

香港西铁项目投资规模巨大，工程复杂。为确保工程能按时完工，投入运营，参与各方秉承科学计划管理理念、采用先进技术精心组织实施，业主在招标阶段制定了一套完善的计划管理体系，承包商能够利用先进技术编制了全面、详细、形象的施工计划并加以实施，咨询工程师能够严格把关，协调各方关系，确保了项目顺利完工。     

The impact of dry port operations on container seaports competitiveness

The concepts of intermodal logistics and distribution networks have made integration of the inland freight distribution system essential for an efficient container seaport system. Inland components, such as dry ports, which exist within the seaport system, have become important in shaping the performance and competitive strategies of container seaports. Owing to the importance of interdependence between dry ports and container seaports, this paper aims to investigate the impact of dry port operations on container seaport competitiveness. It conducted an empirical study in Malaysia through 120 online surveys to key stakeholders of dry ports, including freight forwarders, shippers, seaports, rail operator, shipping lines, and haulers. The data collected were analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The results from EFA show that Malaysian dry port operations have impacts on seaport competitiveness. These include enhancing seaport performance, increasing service variations for seaports, improving seaport-hinterland proximity, increasing seaport trade volume, and enhancing seaport capacity.     

PPS导向系统在西秦岭隧道TBM施工中的应用

为了保证PPS向TBM掘进提供持续、有效、精确的参考数据,以西秦岭隧道为例,介绍PPS工作原理与安装过程,提出减小测量误差的措施,总结系统常见故障及排除方案,并进一步对硬件损坏时的应急工作方法提出见解。     

西秦岭隧道连续皮带机出碴下的同步衬砌施工组织管理

为减小衬砌施工与掘进施工的相互干扰,提高衬砌施工进度、缩短工期、降低工程安全风险,从设备管理、施工管理、劳动组织管理3方面介绍了TBM正常掘进时连续皮带机在出碴情况下的同步衬砌情况。通过合理的协调组织,实现了TBM掘进与衬砌施工的同步,有效缓解了本工程工期压力。     

西秦岭TBM铁路单线隧道信息化辅助有轨运输安全管理

TBM施工相对常规的钻爆法施工安全性较高,但在TBM施工的安全管理中,有轨运输经常发生安全事故。为有效减少和规避隧道有轨运输安全事故的发生,在施工中采用了信息化辅助措施。以西秦岭单洞双线铁路隧道TBM施工有轨运输为例,通过加强有轨运输相关人员技能培训、引入5套信息化通信手段并加强机车日常维护和保养工作,有效地控制了有轨运输安全风险,可为类似工程施工提供借鉴和参考。