盾构隧道壁后注浆中“定时浆”试验研究

我国盾构隧道广泛使用凝结时间较长的单液浆，但由于注入后不能及时凝结常常引发管片上浮、浆液流失等工程问题。针对这些问题提出“定时浆”的概念。通过在单液硬性浆中添加氯化铝溶液与水玻璃，基于浆液的胶结时间、流动度、28 d强度等指标研究了“定时浆”的配方。结果表明： 1）通过先加入氯化铝溶液再加入水玻璃的方法，可以实现浆液“定时”凝结； 2）在硬性浆中掺加0.50%~0.75%的氯化铝溶液、1.00%~1.25%的水玻璃，可以达到良好的定时效果； 3）通过简单的注浆设备改造可以形成“双液单注”的定时注浆工艺。     

基于易损性能分析的山店江大桥高墩抗震评估技术研究

以汝郴高速公路山店江大桥1号高墩为工程背景,通过对钢筋混凝土截面的弯矩-曲率分析确定高墩的损伤指标,利用midas/civil软件进行非线性时程分析,得到该桥墩的理论易损性曲线,并讨论壁厚和基础约束刚度2个参数对桥墩易损曲线的影响。研究成果可为预测结构的抗震性能、结构的抗震设计、加固和维修提供参考。     

桩基非对称局部冲刷条件下土体应力变化解析解

传统桩基局部冲刷坑模型主要采用对称形态的坑体来分析,然而实际问题中局部冲刷坑体常为非对称,这使得桩基处于更不利的状态。评价桩基承载力的关键之一是合理计算冲刷坑造成的土体应力状态变化。而对于桩周形成非对称冲刷坑时土体应力变化,目前仍然没有较为完善和严格的理论分析方法。针对该问题,根据已有试验得到的非对称局部冲刷坑形态,提出非对称冲刷坑内土体应力计算的平面应变简化模型;并基于弗拉曼解在半无限空间中的应用,将冲刷坑以上土体看做荷载并引起土体内应力重分布,得到非对称冲刷坑下土体应力分布计算的平面应变解析解。通过有限元中的"生死单元法"模拟非对称局部冲刷坑的形成过程,并将有限元得到的冲刷坑内土体应力结果与解析解计算结果进行对比,验证解析解的正确性。随后基于该方法考虑桩尺寸的影响,得到非对称局部冲刷坑形成后桩周土体的垂直及水平有效应力计算方法,并与有限元计算结果进行了对比。结果表明：在考虑桩尺寸时,解析解计算结果略保守。在此基础之上,对非对称冲刷坑参数的敏感性进行分析,指出桩上、下游侧冲刷深度差值对桩周土体的应力影响较大,得到了非对称冲刷坑下桩周土体的垂直有效应力及水平有效应力差的变化规律,研究结果可为工程设计提供参考。     

兰州地铁砂岩地层联络通道冻结法加固技术分析

为研究冻结法加固技术在强风化砂岩(红砂岩)地层中的适用性,依托兰州地铁1号线联络通道工程,首先介绍地层加固方案,通过经典解析法核算冻结壁平均设计温度。基于包含土体、隧道和联络通道的三维数值模型,讨论施工各阶段的冻结壁安全系数。最后,根据监测结果分析隧道收敛、地表沉降等关键施工控制参数。结果表明:冻结壁平均设计温度符合要求,可保证各阶段冻结壁安全系数满足规定,各项监测指标均未超过控制标准。冻结法在强风化砂岩(红砂岩)地层中具有很好的适用性,能够有效解决其他加固技术难以克服的难题。     

Research on the Influence of Vertical Deformation of Bridge on the Track RegularityEI北大核心

Research purposes: The vertical deformation of high-speed railway (HSR) bridge will cause the track irregularity, which threatens the safe and efficient operation of the HSR. Taking the 32 m simple supported beam bridge as the research object, based on the existing mapping analytical model for bridge vertical deformation and rail geometry, the influence of the track regularity of the CRTS Ⅰ slab ballastless track structure caused by the key parameters such as the bridge vertical deformation amplitude, the hanging length of the beam end and the vertical stiffness of mortar layer were studied, and the corresponding measures to control the rail deformation were proposed, to provide theoretical reference for comprehensive treatment of rail deformation of HSR bridge. Research conclusions:(1) The pier settlement, the vertical rotation of the beam end and the beam fault will cause the rail to follow the beam deformation, and "up-warping" of the rail on the vertical deformation boundary will appear. (2) The rail deformation is directly proportional to the vertical deformation amplitude of the bridge and the key to control the rail deformation is to reduce the vertical deformation of the bridge. (3) The rail deformation can be controlled by reducing the hanging length of beam and vertical stiffness of mortar layer. (4) The research results can provide a theoretical reference for controlling the vertical rail deformation of high-speed railway bridges. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.     

A simple formulation for predicting the ultimate strength of ships

The aim of this study is to derive a simple analytical formula for predicting the ultimate collapse strength of a single- and double-hull ship under a vertical bending moment, and also to characterize the accuracy and applicability for earlier approximate formulations. It is known that a ship hull will reach the overall collapse state if both collapse of the compression flange and yielding of the tension flange occur. Side shells in the vicinity of the compression and the tension flanges will often fail also, but the material around the final neutral axis will remain in the elastic state. Based on this observation, a credible distribution of longitudinal stresses around the hull section at the overall collapse state is assumed, and an explicit analytical equation for calculating the hull ultimate strength is obtained. A comparison between the derived formula and existing expressions is made for largescale box girder models, a one-third-scale frigate hull model, and full-scale ship hulls.List of symbols A _B total sectional area of outer bottom - A _B total sectional area of inner bottom - A _D total sectional area of deck - A _S half-sectional area of all sides (including longitudinal bulkheads and inner sides) - a _s sectional area of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating - b breadth of plate between longitudinal stiffeners - D hull depth - D _B height of double bottom - E Young's modulus - g neutral axis position above the base line in the sagging condition or below the deck in the hogging condition - H depth of hull section in linear elastic state - I _s moment of inertia of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating - l length of a longitudinal stiffener between transverse beams - M _E elastic bending moment - M _p fully plastic bending moment of hull section - M _u ultimate bending moment capacity of hull section - M _uh ,M _us ultimate bending moment in hogging or sagging conditions - r radius of gyration of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating [=(I _s /a _s )^1/2] - t plate thickness - Z elastic section modulus at the compression flange - Z _B ,Z _D elastic section modulus at bottom or deck - slenderness ratio of plate between stiffeners [= (b/t)(_y/E)^1/2] - slenderness ratio of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating [=(l/r)(_y/E)^1/2] - _y yield strength of the material - _yB , _yB , _yD yield strength of outer bottom, inner bottom - _yS deck, or side - _u ultimate buckling strength of the compression flange - _uB , _uB , _uD ultimate buckling strength of outer bottom - _uS inner bottom, deck, or side     

高速公路路线方案优选模型及其应用

利用灰色物元分析法,建立高速公路路线方案的优劣排序模型,对各路线方案进行多因素综合评价,为择优选择路线方案提供一种科学的评价方法。     

无坎宽顶堰流量系数的计算及讨论

通过采用二元非线性回归分析方法对多个数学模型进行分析,结合实测资料,得到了水利工程中无坎宽顶堰流量系数的经验公式,克服了查表法中需要通过多步直线内插带来的不便,更适合在水力计算中应用。     

船舶搁浅于台型礁石场景极限强度解析预报方法

针对双层底油轮搁浅于台型礁石的事故场景,通过对船底构件结构损伤机理的分析,提出一套结合船底结构损伤程度推算方法和Smith方法,评估损伤后船体剩余极限强度的解析计算预报方法。研究中应用数值仿真技术,模拟了船舶搁浅过程中的结构损伤及搁浅后船体极限承载过程,并与解析预报方法的结果进行了对比。结果表明,文中提出的对搁浅损伤后船舶剩余强度的解析预报方法准确性较好,对船舶双层底耐撞性结构设计和安全性评估都有一定的指导意义。