沉船油舱抽油加热过程的热力学分析

本文对沉船倾斜油舱抽油过程进行了数值模拟研究,在相同的蒸汽加热功率,不同的加热位置条件下,分析了油舱内重质燃油和原油的加热过程,分别取得了在不同时刻油舱内重质燃油和原油的温度分布情况,以及油温随加热时间的变化规律。     

基于ATP协议的恒温液态食品罐车热工性能测试研究

针对冷链物流系统中恒温液态食品罐车的热工性能测试实验的现状进行研究分析,指出了其中存在的问题。着重研究了液态食品罐车的热工性能测试内容,包括综合测控系统和外围硬件设备的设计。实际应用效果显示,构建的系统能够满足ATP标准的要求。     

半潜式平台稳性研究

海洋资源勘探不断向深海发展，适合深海作业的半潜式平台成为研究热点，而稳性校核多是针对自升式平台，少有对半潜式平台的稳性研究。考虑到柱稳式平台与自升式平台稳性恒准的差异，本文针对半潜式平台，用Moses软件计算半潜式平台稳性，具体做法为对某一半潜式平台进行数字化建模，之后通过改变横摇角得到平台的风倾力矩和复原力矩曲线，从而对平台的完整稳性、碰撞破损稳性以及单舱进水剩余稳性进行分析校核。得出结论如下：1）该平台在油田拖航下最危险的情况为艏摇角60°时，在其它工况下最危险的情况为艏摇角30°时；2）半潜式平台吃水的增大不利于平台的完整稳性；3）在油田拖航工况下，舱室的组合碰撞破损对平台稳性影响最小；4）对于碰撞破损稳性来说，半潜式平台的稳性程度不一定随着吃水增加而降低，具体情况要根据在不同吃水下不同的舱室组合来判断；5）平台在作业工况、远洋拖航工况和油田拖航工况下最危险的进水舱室分别为WB01P、FWD4P和AFT3P；6）平台的吃水增加不利于平台单舱进水后的剩余稳性。希望本文提出的方法可为其他半潜式平台的稳性分析提供参考。     

C型独立双体罐中纵舱壁的强度研究

液化气船的C型独立双体罐内设有中纵舱壁,它与常规应用于C型舱的回转体结构相比表现出一些特殊的力学特性。对中纵舱壁的受力机制进行了分析,提出了纵舱壁结构在一般装载工况条件下的应力计算方法,并采用有限元模型直接计算方法作了进一步研究,同时对所提出的公式方法的适用性进行了验证。另外,还对中纵舱壁在不利装载工况下的强度进行了初步的探讨。     

Reducing the cost of ballast tank corrosion: an economic modeling approach

One of the most relevant problems in ship construction and maintenance nowadays concerns the corrosion in the double hull space ballast tanks of modern merchant vessels. On the one hand, there is a general consensus that the economic life span of such a vessel depends primarily upon the corrosion state of its ballast tanks, while on the other hand, the position of these tanks, squeezed between the outer hull and the loading tanks, makes routine inspection and maintenance almost impossible.Today, ship's ballast tanks are usually constructed in grade A steel and protected with a standard epoxy coating, backed up with sacrificial zinc anodes. Such a construction has been applied without significant alterations for many years. However, the objective of this economic study is to compare this construction method with some feasible alternatives. The considered alternatives are: (1) an increase of the scantlings, eliminating the necessity to replace corroded steel but diminishing the cargo carrying capacity of the ship, (2) application of the novel and more durable TSCF₂₅ coating (3), the use of corrosion resistant steel in ship construction or (4) a standard PSPC₁₅ coating combined with lifetime lasting aluminum sacrificial anodes. After running each alternative through a cost model including an extensive sensitivity analysis, it is concluded that the durable coating and the use of lifetime lasting aluminum anodes are bound to improve the actual basic tank concept. Corrosion resistant steel becomes attractive depending upon the evolution of the international steel market.     

沉船油舱含水油料蒸汽加热参数优化

本文采用蒸汽加热方式,降低沉船油舱重质燃油与原油的粘度,以便于顺利抽油。利用数值模拟的方法,分析了在相同的蒸汽加热功率,不同体积的重质燃油与原油,在温升达到可泵送温度的的条件下,其温度场的变化情况与所需的加热时间。     

油罐排水阀组原理及运用分析

介绍了一种油罐排水阀组,其克服了现有手动排水阀控制精度不高、动作缓慢等缺点,对油品节约、环境保护都起到一定作用。通过浮子的受力模型,建立了浮子力学平衡式,得到了浮子开启力与浮子的质量及压差力关系。以油罐及主阀体为模型,分析了阀组的流量特性,得到了阀组的流量与油、水的液位高度的关系式。通过对阀组的操作过程、安装形式和维护的详细介绍,为油罐排水阀组的选型和使用提供了参考依据。     

A design for ship stabilization by activated antiroll tanks

An activated antiroll tank system design for ship roll reduction was investigated. Considering the dynamics of the ship motion, tank flow, and variable-pitch impeller, a control law is derived based on optimal control and estimation theory. Finally, a series of numerical computations for a 1174 tonne ship without an antiroll tank system, with a passive tank system, and with the proposed activated antiroll tank system is performed. The results show that the proposed activated tank system has superior antiroll properties for free rolling, regular, and irregular sea loads to the passive tank system. In addition, this design has a very low sensitivity to variations in ship and tank dynamics. It shows that the proposed system is reliable and valid for practical use.     

矩形水舱流体晃荡的水动力特性的试验研究

本文根据在上海交通大学船舶及海洋工程系船舶流体力学实验室进行的模型试验,论述了无制荡结构及具有内部制荡结构(制荡隔壁,深甲板梁——制荡板和船底宽肋板)时的水动力特性。对制荡效果作了讨论。 文中对试验数据进行了分析比较,与理论值及别的试验结果的比较表明,本文的试验结果是令人满意的。文中对试验数据进行了回归分析,得出可供设计参考的经验公式。最后对油船设计中如何考虑舱内流体的晃荡载荷提出建议。     

9 000 t新型不锈钢化学品船结构设计

为了适应品种繁多的化学品运输,开发了适装性强的9000t不锈钢化学品船。设计时采用了奥氏体-铁素体双金属相不锈钢材料,很好地满足了高蒸气表压、高装运温度、高货品密度的设计要求,明显减轻了不锈钢重量、降低了造价,并改善船厂不锈钢施工的工艺。本文从五个方面讲述了结构设计中所需要特别注意的问题。