挖入式港池泥沙淤积试验研究

在水槽试验的基础上,结合部分理论分析,初步研究了挖入式港池的泥沙淤积问题的原因、泥沙运动以及淤积特性。结果表明:含沙量分布具有一定的规律,口门处淤积量较大,泥沙粒径较粗,而港池内部淤积量较小,粒径较细。因此,采取适当措施减少该形式港池口门处的淤积是十分必要的。     

挖入式港池泥沙淤积及减淤措施试验研究

通过试验,结合部分理论分析,研究了挖入式港池泥沙淤积特性,分析了产生淤积的原因,在此基础上提出3种减淤措施。试验结果表明:港池内泥沙淤积主要由回流及异重流引起,淤积物分布具有一定规律,回流产生的淤积集中在口门附近,粒径较粗,而由异重流引起的淤积在港池内沿程分布,粒径较细。提出的方案能够达到减淤的目的,可以用于实际工程。     

环抱式与挖入式港池的纳潮淤积计算

根据水、沙运动基本方程,考虑潮汐棱体影响,得出水、沙运动规律,进一步建立环抱式港池淤积计算公式(包括淤积分布、总淤积量和平均淤强),利用现场实测资料对公式进行验证,并进一步建立挖入式港池淤积公式,文中所得各式均满足实际工程使用的要求。     

天津港深水港池泥沙淤积的分析计算

依推天津港大量的实测资料和现港口条件下淤积规律,通过类比方法,首次提出深水港池、泊地和转头地淤积计算公式,并在计算方法和深水港区合理布局等方面提供了思路.     

内河挖入式港池水体富营养化治理技术

内河挖入式港池内水体交换缓慢,富营养化污染问题常有发生,影响港口正常运营和绿色发展。从分析挖入式港池水环境特点、富营养化产生原因入手,阐述兼顾水体治理与景观效果的生态浮岛原理及技术要点。以某内河港池为例,在不影响码头运营的条件下,研究港池生态浮岛治理方案,分析运行费用。初步成果分析表明,通过合理配置生态浮岛,可有效控制水体富营养化、改善水质并营造港池绿色景观,为绿色港区建设提供技术支撑。     

内河挖入式港池减淤措施的试验研究

针对港池回流引起的泥沙淤积,分别采用水下涵管抽压水、集沙坑、防沙堤等方法进行港池减淤的试验研究。结果表明,三种减淤措施均有较好的减淤效果,在技术上也是可行的,实际工程可结合港池具体情况选用。     

国电福建南埔电厂码头的平面方案论证

南埔电厂煤码头工程设计中，经充分论证泥沙、地质、码头结构和电厂建设等条件。在福建首次大胆采用挖入式港池，较好解决了码头营运、电厂建设中的难点，并充分利用码头岸线资源，节省工程投资。     

长江口潮汐河段挖入式港池回淤研究

以新通海沙围垦工程挖入式港池为例,针对长江口潮汐河段挖入式港池回淤问题,采用数学模型模拟了港区水流泥沙运动。结合相关河段实际回淤调查,研究了港池内水流条件分布与回淤分布,对港池回淤进行了估算。分析结果表明,港池内淤积分布形态与港池内水流分布规律相似,回淤估算结果与实际工程调查结果相符,可为潮汐河段挖入式港池的回淤预报和减淤措施提供重要参考依据。     

基于 Global Mapper 的中小流域暴雨洪水分析

近年来, 随着城市化的发展,基础设施的建设规模日益扩大。道路设计过程中的桥梁和涵洞布设需要满足防洪要求,构筑物设计前必须经过桥涵水文计算, 其是确定桥梁跨径、 涵洞孔径的基本参数之一。桥涵水文计算前的重要基础工作是进行现场洪水调查, 获得流域的汇水面积。汇水面积一般在实测地形图上根据分水岭勾勒, 但项目推进过程中尤其是前期方案阶段,很难获得大比例的地形图。网上的卫星地图是可以参考的资源之一,利用Global Mapper软件, 结合某市政道路工程,进行流域汇水面积计算, 利用《四川省中小流域暴雨洪水计算手册》中的暴雨推理法,计算暴雨流量, 并以某桥跨布设进行过流断面复核。     

Differences in emission of nitrogen and phosphorus into the Vistula and Oder basins in 1995-2008 — Natural and anthropogenic causes (MONERIS model)

The aim of the modeling studies (MONERIS) was to estimate annual source apportioned nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) emissions into the Vistula and Oder basins in 1995-2008, thus, during the transition period in Poland, characterized by changes in both agricultural sector and handling of point source pollution. N and P emissions into both basins showed declining tendencies. Between the sub-periods 1995-2002 and 2003-2008, the overall N emission into the Vistula and Oder basins decreased by 16-17% (i.e. by ca. 26,900 tons in the Vistula and by ca. 18,000 tons in the Oder basin); P emission declined by 23% in the Vistula and by 32% in the Oder basins (i.e. by ca. 3400 tons in the Vistula and by ca. 2200 tons in the Oder basin). The temporal patterns of N and P emission into the Vistula and Oder basins, as well as the percentage contribution of N and P pathways (particularly: overland flow, tile drainage, groundwater, waste water treatment plants) showed great differences between the basins. Natural (type of bedrock, soil type, lake area) and anthropogenic (regionally and temporarily different type and intensity of agricultural activity, spatially different structural changes in agriculture during the transition period, regionally and temporarily different investment in waste water treatment plans) factors were found to be responsible for the differences, and the relationships are extensively discussed in the paper. In 1995-2008, 70% of N emission into both river basins was via groundwater and tile drainage, with the former playing more important role in the Vistula basin, and the latter playing more important role in the Oder basin; contribution of N emission from point sources was comparable in both rivers and it reached 11-12%. In 1995-2008, point sources, erosion, overland flow, and urban systems were found the most important P pathways in both basins, with a higher percentage contribution of point sources in the Oder basin.