Online channel strategies under different offline channel power structures for the Belt and Road of China

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the online channel strategies adopted by Chinese manufacturers with regard to the Belt and Road. It also investigates the effect of offline channel power structures and maritime transportation costs on online channel mode selection and pricing strategies. The offline channel power structures are classified into three types, namely, Chinese manufacturer Stackelberg (MS) structure, vertical Nash (VN) structure, and foreign retailer Stackelberg (RS) structure. Furthermore, a game model is developed among the Chinese manufacturer, foreign retailer, and cross-border e-tailer to investigate the interactions among offline channel power structures, maritime transportation costs, and Chinese manufacturers’ online channel mode selection. The results show that Chinese manufacturers’ preferences for the online agency selling mode increases correspondingly with the decrease in their market position and bargaining power. Moreover, foreign retailers can obtain higher profits in the online agency selling mode under the VN structure. However, the level of profit for foreign retailers depends on the intensity of their competition with cross-border e-tailers under the MS and RS structures. Finally, consumers in countries along the Belt and Road can obtain a higher surplus in the online agency selling mode under all of the structures.     

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大跨度钢—混凝土组合箱梁施工技术

上海长江隧桥工程105m钢—混凝土组合箱梁是目前国内最大的组合结构连续箱梁，采用梁场预制，大型浮吊海上长距离运输、架设的先进施工技术。简要介绍施工工艺流程及关键施工技术。     

海上半浮体漂移轨迹研究

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中国海员外派公司如何应对2006国际海事劳工公约

通过对2006国际海事劳工公约的研究,结合中国海员外派出现的问题,明确中国海员外派公司的工作任务,对中国海员外派公司日常管理体系的改善提出几点可行措施,最后针对2006国际海事劳工公约,对相关管理机构提出几点建议。     

《合同法》下海运托运人变更运输合同之权利相关问题探讨

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对水运工程钢筋混凝土结构实体保护层作用的认识

钢筋腐蚀是造成水运工程钢筋混凝土破损的主要原因之一，混凝土保护层是保证钢筋延迟开始腐蚀的重要屏障。认识保护层的主要作用，对提高水运工程混凝土结构使用寿命具有重要意义。     

船舶航行安全的可持续改善途径

回顾了国际海事组织(IMO) 成立以来的国际海上安全状况和控制途径, 揭示了“国际安全管理规则与港口国监督” (ISM规则+PSC) 模式的运作机制、实质和局限性, 提出用MMEM理论来完善该模式和实现技术与管理的有机结合; 强调置身于安全文化中, 对“技术、管理、观念”进行综合促进, 是持续改善海上安全的必由途径。     

Connectivity analysis of the global shipping network by eigenvalue decomposition

ABSTRACT

Maritime shipping necessitates flexible and cost-effective port access worldwide through the global shipping network. This paper presents an efficient method to identify major port communities, and analyses the network connectivity of the global shipping network based on community structure. The global shipping network is represented by a signless Laplacian matrix which can be decomposed to generate its eigenvectors and corresponding eigenvalues. The largest gaps between the eigenvalues were then used to determine the optimal number of communities within the network. The eigenvalue decomposition method offers the advantage of detecting port communities without relying on a priori assumption about the number of communities and the size of each community. By applying this method to a dataset collected from seven world leading liner shipping companies, we found that the ports are clustered into three communities in the global container shipping network, which is consistent with the major container trade routes. The sparse linkages between port communities indicate where access is relatively poor.