Hierarchal assessment of noise pollution in urban areas – A case study

Noise pollution in urban areas has many harmful effects on the citizens. There are varieties of noise generation sources of which the traffic noise could be a major source. The point which is perhaps less noticed is that sound level is not the only parameter to indicate the extent and intensity of noise pollution. Situation of urban land uses, distribution of population centers and types of passages can deeply affect the concern on this environmental issue but not with a similar ratio. This article presents an overlaying technique to define noise prone areas using all different factors involved. A case study was carried out in the District 14 of Tehran Metropolitan City where there are busy streets and highways. For this purpose, the share of each criterion in noise pollution intensity was determined using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Afterwards, the map layers were overlaid based upon the relative importance of the criteria to get the final map on which the noise prone areas are specified. The developed method could be used as a tool for indirect estimation of noise pollution by which instead of direct measurement of the equivalent sound level, it would be possible to predict noise susceptible areas considering the most important influential factors.     

北京市商业区可达性研究

为建立商业区可达性计算方法,并为未来商业区的选址、设计提供参考,选取北京市较为典型的5个商业区为研究对象,对商业区的特点进行了分析。从理论上探讨了计算商业区可达性包含的4个因素：土地利用、交通系统、时间因素以及个体因素。借鉴潜能模型,提出了可达性理论模型,并给出具体的可达性计算公式。以北京市5个商业区中18个大中型商场为例,计算可达性以及各区域到达这些商业区的可达性分布。     

基于大数据技术的铁路电子支付平台双活中心交易日志处理研究与实现

随着铁路电子支付平台业务的发展和客运12306互联网售票系统售票支付量的大幅提升,支付系统在交易日志和快照环节遇到了性能瓶颈.研究运用Spark、Kafka、HBase等关键技术,基于Hadoop平台和Java开发工具设计数据处理架构,满足高性能和基于双活双中心的交易日志处理.经实际应用,大幅提升了系统处理能力,更好地...     

物流配送中心服务能力仿真评价

通过描述和分析配送中心服务系统的功能和结构,构建了每天订单到达数量服从泊松分布、订单到达间隔时间服从指数分布、每次订货数量服从某一均值的正态分布的物流配送中心仿真模型,采用Java语言开发了仿真程序,并通过案例运行了该仿真模型,证明了该仿真系统对于评价物流配送中心服务能力的有效性.     

线路圆曲线半径、缓和曲线长度和线间距标准制定依据的介绍

着重介绍《新建时速 2 0 0公里客货共线铁路设计暂行规定》(以下简称《暂规》)中 3个主要线路平面设计标准的拟定原则 ,计算方法和参数选择的思路。《暂规》期望 ,这些思路有助于提高线路平面质量 ,使线路有可能达到“少维修”的水平 ,从而满足新建时速 2 0 0km客货共线铁路安全、舒适和不间断运营的要求     

Location selection of city logistics centers under sustainability

City Logistics Centers (CLC) are an important part of the modern urban logistics system, and the selection of the location of a CLC has become a key problem in logistics and supply chain management. Integrating the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of sustainable development, this paper presents a new evaluation system for the location selection of a CLC from a sustainability perspective. A fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making (FMAGDM) technique based on a linguistic 2-tuple is used to evaluate potential alternative CLC locations. In this method, the linguistic evaluation values of all the evaluation criteria are transformed into linguistic 2-tuples. A new 2-tuple hybrid ordered weighted averaging (THOWA) operator is presented to aggregate the overall evaluation values of all experts into a collective evaluation value for each alternative, which is then used to rank and select alternative CLC locations. An application example is provided to validate the method developed and to highlight the implementation, practicality, and effectiveness by comparing with the fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method.     

半开放式的多配送中心纯电动车辆路径优化问题

电子商务促使越来越多的物流企业采用多配送中心模式优化车辆的配送路径,纯电动汽车逐渐替代了传统的燃油配送车辆,以改善生态环境. 结合多配送中心联合服务模式的特点和纯电动物流车辆的行驶特征,构建带时间窗的半开放式多配送中心纯电动车辆路径优化模型,设计蚁群算法对其求解. 算例对比分析结果表明：半开放式的多配送中心联合服务,能合理利用相关物流资源,改善车辆路径,降低物流费用,但需要寻找合适数量和位置的配送中心进行联合,才能达到节约成本的最佳效果;相比单配送中心,多配送中心联合服务提供了更多潜在的较低价格的充电点,在配送中心补充电量可在一定程度上节约物流成本.     

中国古代航运中心的变迁

中华文明虽起源于＂农耕＂,但中华民族的发展离不开航海.中国古代航海事业经历了各个朝代发展,终于在明朝郑和下西洋时达到了顶峰.由于各时期的政局各异、航海技术差别、以及国家对外贸易的策略不同,中国古代航运事业在不同时期是围绕着若干港口区域开展的.     

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针对区域公共物流中心(Regional Public Logistics Center, RPLC)选址问题,考虑到选址问题的不确定性,运用场景规划技术,建立RPLC选址双层规划模型。上层规划模型最小化RPLC建设及运营费用,下层建立分车型随机用户均衡模型用以描述城市内车辆的路径选择。通过预估RPLC在未来运营中可能出现的各种场景,确定相应场景下变量的取值,并求解双层规划模型、确定该场景下的最优选址结果;根据场景发生的概率选取在各种场景下加权平均费用最小的选址结果作为最终结果。同时,本文给出了求解该问题的离散粒子群算法和数值算例。结果表明,所建立的模型和求解算法是有效的,能较好地解决RPLC选址的不确定性,这对于节约RPLC建设和运营成本,减少投资风险是可行的。     

The trade-off between trips and distance traveled in analyzing the emissions impacts of center-based telecommuting

Several travel indicators were compared between telecommuting (TC) days and non-telecommuting days for a sample of 72 center-based telecommuters in California. Distance traveled decreased significantly on TC days, with average reductions of 51 person-miles (58%) and 35 vehicle-miles (53%). When weighted by telecommuting frequency, average reductions of 11.9% in PMT and 11.5% in VMT were found over a five-day work week. Person-trips and vehicle-trips increased slightly (but not significantly) on TC days. This was due to statistically significant increases in commute trips by telecommuters (who more often went home for lunch on their TC days), partly counteracted by decreases in non-commute travel. The drive-alone mode share increased on TC days, both for all trips, and for commute trips in particular. Walking and biking shares also increased modestly on TC days, whereas shares of transit and ridesharing declined. Despite the increase in trip rates, TC-day reductions were found for all pollutants analyzed: 15% for total organic gas emissions, 21% for carbon monoxide, 35% for oxides of nitrogen, and 51% for particulate matter. The reduction in VMT more than compensated for the marginal increase in number of trips (and consequently, cold starts) on telecommuting days.