Use of localized necking and fracture as a failure criterion in ship collision analysis

This study explores the use of localized necking for failure modeling in maritime crash analysis, using large shell elements. The assumption that the failure of a large shell element occurs simultaneously with the onset of localized necking is revisited. This study particularly investigates the numerical implementation of the localized necking condition and its implications on the results of ship collision analysis involving not only plate rupture but also various failure mechanisms such as the crushing and tearing of web girders, stringers, and their intersections. Through a series of large-scale collision simulations, the effects of bending deformation on the initiation of necking, non-proportional loading paths, and ductile fractures not preceded by localized necking, are investigated. It is demonstrated that a localized necking-based fracture model provides a reasonable, relatively mesh-insensitive estimate of the onset of fracture in the outer hull panels; however, fracture propagation is very sensitive to the numerical implementation of the necking and fracture model, especially for the cases involving the crushing of web frames and stringers.     

水下点火推进尾空泡振荡的研究

本文通过对水下航行体垂直发射出筒后尾空泡内点火推进过程的数值模拟研究,获得了其尾空泡演化的一般规律,并与相应的试验结果进行了对比;进而给出了燃气尾空泡周期性地膨胀、颈缩、阻滞、脱落的演化规律,以及与尾空泡内的压力振荡、喷管扩张段内激波前后移动的相关性。研究表明:水下航行体尾空泡内点火与空中点火、水中直接点火形成的燃气射流存在明显差别,水下点火推进同时会形成对水下航行体额外的振动激励;尾空泡收缩阶段,亚音速射流在尾空泡颈缩处膨胀加速,使尾空泡持续颈缩进而形成对燃气的阻滞作用,是形成尾空泡近似周期性形态演化、空泡压力剧烈振荡的主因。     

钻孔灌注桩桩顶后期缩径原因分析及对策

钻孔灌注桩常因桩顶混凝土质量差、河床下降等原因外露,在水流和砂石的作用下发生桩顶后期缩径,钢筋外露并锈蚀,降低了结构的耐久性和承载力,缩短了工程的使用寿命.建议通过加强施工管理,提高桩身混凝土质量,以及恶劣环境下保留钢护筒等措施,避免桩顶后期缩径.     

基于GTS的黏土中缩颈桩检测研究

利用GTS有限元分析软件,对黏土中的缩颈缺陷桩进行数值模拟,得到不同阻尼系数及在不同缺陷位置下的反射波曲线。对结果对比分析,总结出振幅比随缩颈桩缺陷变化的规律,以及缩颈桩的缺陷程度与波振幅比之间的关系,对于工程桩的检测具有重要的指导意义。