Experimental ivnestigation on flow fields of viscous fluid around two-dimensional wings and comparison with computational results

To examine the flow field of a viscous fluid around the trailing edge of a wing with respect to the Kutta condition or the Joukowski hypothesis, an experimental investigation into the velocity fields around two-dimensional (2D) wings NACA0012 and NACA4412 was carried out using an X-type hot-wire anemometer in a wind tunnel and the method of colored milk injection in a circulating water channel. The results of these investigations revealed that the flow of a viscous fluid at the trailing edge of a 2D wing is tangential to the face on the pressure side, and that the flow is very slow or reversed on the suction side due to separation when the angle of attack is greater than 7.5°. By flow visualization, a Kármán vortex street was found in the wake of both wings (NACA0012 and NACA4412) when the angle of attack was 5°. These results show that the ordinary Kutta condition with respect to the direction of outflow at the trailing edge is not necessarily satisfied in a viscous fluid, but the Kutta condition with respect to the pressure at the trailing edge is satisfied as usual. Numerical results, which have been obtained as the solution of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, show good agreement with above-mentioned experimental results. Therefore, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation has proved to be very effective for studying steady viscous flow around the trailing edge of a 2D wing.     

基于CFD的风帆助航技术效能分析

在模型试验的基础上,运用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,分析了基于机翼理论的风翼帆船利用风能辅助推进的特性.在仿真软件Fluent的仿真计算的基础上,当采用风帆助航技术时,对风帆产生的推力及由此引起船舶阻力变化进行了分析,从而对风帆助航技术的效能进行评估与分析,得出了远洋船舶利用清洁能源(风能)在经济性与环保性方面的可行性.并提出风帆助航技术应用于大型远洋船舶后续需要解决的问题.     

大风天气下洋山港超大型船舶撤离泊位方法研究

根据洋山港自然、地理条件,运用目前在航道论证方面已经比较成熟的船舶操纵模拟器,有针对性地对大风天气下靠泊超大型船舶安全撤离泊位方法进行了研究;根据所选8000 TEU超大型集装箱船舶的模拟船型撤离泊位进行模拟实验的结果和在对实验数据充分、系统分析的基础上,提出了超大型船舶安全撤离泊位的具体方法,为洋山港超大型集装箱船舶在大风天气下安全撤离泊位提供比较科学的参考依据。     

水下滑翔机水平固定翼设计

水下滑翔机以其低功耗、低成本和低噪声等优势在海洋科研、环境监测、资源探测和军事侦察等领域具有广阔的应用前景,水下滑翔机主要用于海洋环境长时间、大范围的实时监测,因此要求其具有优良的水动力性能。文章利用Javafoil程序总结了水下滑翔机水平固定平板翼升阻比与翼型参数之间的特征关系,并基于该关系在综合考虑升阻比和俯仰力矩两方面因素后确定了水下滑翔机水平固定平板翼的参数。此外为改善水下滑翔机稳定性,分析和设计了柔性机翼,对水下滑翔机水平固定翼的设计具有一定指导和借鉴意义。     

混凝土翼裂纹损伤区与断裂区边界方程探讨

应用西多霍夫损伤模型和断裂力学耦合分析方法,探讨了单向受压的翼形裂纹,推导出混凝土翼形裂纹损伤区与断裂区的边界方程,确定了混凝土翼裂纹初始损伤区和断裂区的径向尺寸,最后确定了不同翼裂纹倾角的起裂点坐标,为研究混凝土翼裂纹的扩展提供了新的可行性思路。     

翼/板结合部涡旋流动结构与壁面脉动压力的大涡模拟研究

壁面脉动压力是湍流非定常特性的重要表征,而且是重要的流体动力声源,所以对于脉动压力的研究已经成为流声耦合研究领域的重要课题。文章采用大涡模拟方法结合动态Smagorinsky亚格子涡模型,数值计算了两型翼/板结合部在不同流速下的湍流脉动压力,并展示了结合部马蹄涡流动结构。通过将计算结果与试验结果进行对比分析可知,数值计算方法能准确地预报湍流脉动压力,从而为理解翼/板结合部非定常流动的物理机理奠定了基础。     

一种直流电机驱动的内装式电动电缆绞盘

介绍一种新型的直流电动机驱动的内装式电动电缆绞盘,这种电缆绞盘由直流电动机驱动,减速器为活齿减速器结构,把驱动装置和减速机构装在电缆绞盘滚筒里面。整体结构简单、紧凑,传动效率高,广泛应用于移动电源的电缆收放作业。     

FSC赛车空气套件CFD优化设计

在满足FSC赛车设计规则要求前提下,对空气套件进行了结构优化设计,重点完成了赛车尾翼的优化设计和分析。利用CFD技术对赛车车身模型进行了外流场分析,并通过在赛车尾部加装不同间隙和攻角的尾翼,进行车身外流场模拟对比分析,研究尾翼在改善赛车气动特性方面的影响规律,研究确定了空气动力学装置在不同比赛项目时的调教策略。通过对比分析赛车车辆周围气流的压力分布和速度分布规律,研究高速赛车的负升力效果,对于提高赛车的操纵稳定性和安全性具有非常重要的意义,对于指导赛车尾翼的正确安装、确定尾翼在不同比赛项目时的调教策略有一定的指导意义。     

世界地效翼船发展研究

地效翼船是介于飞机、舰船和气垫船之间的一种新型高速翼船,在距水面或地面较小距离高速航行,可广泛应用于开发海洋资源、海上运输等民用领域和海岛争端处置、远程快速投送等军事领域。文章系统介绍了地效翼船的基本概况、主要用途、发展历程及现状、存在的问题及未来发展趋势。     

Co-simulation and experimental study for wingspan of flapping wing micro aerial vehicle

The 3D model of flapping wing mechanism and veins is constructed in 3D computer aided design (CAD) software UG. Then the co-simulation model is established by using multibody dynamics software ADAMS and MATLAB. The validation of this co-simulation model is verified by comparing the simulation results with final experiments. The simulation results and experiments reveal that the relation between flapping frequency and driving voltage of motor is approximately linear under various wingspans. The variance of flapping frequency among different wingspans augments gradually with increasing voltage. Furthermore, the simulation results sug-gest that flapping frequency is sensitive to wingspan and decreases with increasing wingspan of veins, and the relation between flapping frequency and moment of inertia of veins is also approximately linear for various volt-ages.