新《海安法》下集装箱检验和监管对策研究

介绍了新修订的《海上交通安全法》以及国际公约和其他国内法律法规对集装箱检验和监管的要求,分析了外贸和内贸集装箱检验现状以及监管方面存在的问题,提出了相关对策和建议。     

Widening the Panama Canal and U.S. ports: historical and economic impact analyses

ABSTRACT

The economic history of the U.S. illustrates how the role of many cities has been changed by being seaports or located on navigable rivers or lakes. Based on the widening of the Panama Canal in 2016, the West Coast ports that include the west coast seaports of California, Oregon, and Washington were expected to become less important, while the freight shares of the East Coast and Gulf ports would increase. By how much it has been not easy to measure or predict so far, but this study attempted to define some of the key parameters in the measurement. As well as several relevant background topics, both the demand- and supply-side versions of the National Interstate Economic Model, have been applied for the measurement of economic impacts. U.S. port authorities and policy makers at the local and national levels who respond and develop plans for coping with the new realities of the Panama Canal are able to understand the extent to which changes in shippers’ and land-mode transporters’ behaviors would undermine the logistics and the costs of their activities. Therefore, this study is important for a diverse spectrum of port development strategies in the U.S. to respond to the Canal expansion.     

Economic and ecological optimization of electric bus charging considering variable electricity prices and CO2eq intensities

In many cities, diesel buses are being replaced by electric buses with the aim of reducing local emissions and thus improving air quality. The protection of the environment and the health of the population is the highest priority of our society. For the transport companies that operate these buses, not only ecological issues but also economic issues are of great importance. Due to the high purchase costs of electric buses compared to conventional buses, operators are forced to use electric vehicles in a targeted manner in order to ensure amortization over the service life of the vehicles. A compromise between ecology and economy must be found in order to both protect the environment and ensure economical operation of the buses.In this study, we present a new methodology for optimizing the vehicles’ charging time as a function of the parameters CO_2eq emissions and electricity costs. Based on recorded driving profiles in daily bus operation, the energy demands of conventional and electric buses are calculated for the passenger transportation in the city of Aachen in 2017. Different charging scenarios are defined to analyze the influence of the temporal variability of CO_2eq intensity and electricity price on the environmental impact and economy of the bus. For every individual day of a year, charging periods with the lowest and highest costs and emissions are identified and recommendations for daily bus operation are made. To enable both the ecological and economical operation of the bus, the parameters of electricity price and CO₂ are weighted differently, and several charging periods are proposed, taking into account the priorities previously set. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the influence of selected parameters and to derive recommendations for improving the ecological and economic balance of the battery-powered electric vehicle.In all scenarios, the optimization of the charging period results in energy cost savings of a maximum of 13.6% compared to charging at a fixed electricity price. The savings potential of CO_2eq emissions is similar, at 14.9%. From an economic point of view, charging between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. results in the lowest energy costs on average. The CO_2eq intensity is also low in this period, but midday charging leads to the largest savings in CO_2eq emissions. From a life cycle perspective, the electric bus is not economically competitive with the conventional bus. However, from an ecological point of view, the electric bus saves on average 37.5% CO_2eq emissions over its service life compared to the diesel bus. The reduction potential is maximized if the electric vehicle exclusively consumes electricity from solar and wind power.     

某款商用汽车电堆散热系统方案设计

从商用汽车电堆散热系统设计要求的实际角度出发设计系统原理图,从而进行计算匹配及选型零部件,对所选零部件进行仿真校核是否满足最初的设计要求,保证商用汽车电堆散热系统的正常工作。     

我国电力机车及动力车通风系统

简要地说明了我国电力机车及动力车通风系统的发展情况，尤其是交流传动技术对我国电力机车及动力车通风系统的发展的重要影响，同时，还详细分析了各种通风方式的特点，为电力机车及动力车通风系统简统化设计提供了多种选择模式。     

电力机车车轴热处理工艺的研究

分析了EA4T钢的性质特征以及传统调质处理工艺所存在的问题,系统地研究了正火、淬火及回火工艺对材料的组织及性能的影响规律。通过系统的实验,探索出了DJ4型机车车轴的最佳热处理工艺参数。     

挖掘机动臂自动下降故障的分析与排除

针对小松PC200挖掘机出现的动臂自动下降故障,按照由易到繁的步骤逐步分析了故障发生的原因,并且提出了在故障排除中应注意的问题.     

烟大铁路轮渡渡船电力推进系统仿真分析

随着计算机仿真技术在工程研究领域的广泛应用,船舶电力系统数字仿真已成为高效的船舶电力系统分析手段.烟大火车渡船采用了当今国际先进的电力推进系统,通过对该系统进行了数字仿真分析,验证了该船电网运行的稳定性和可靠性.     

视频监控系统在港口的应用

介绍了港口视频监控系统的构成,系统主要设备的选型,系统的主要功能。指出应用视频监控加强港口监管,既减轻了劳动强度,提高工作效率,改善码头环境。同时,为了建设港口文明提供了物质保证。     

港口设备钢丝绳断绳事故分析及预防

对钢丝绳断绳事故进行分析,提出了一些措施,诸如通过钢丝绳的选用、维护、保养、检测等,来延长钢丝绳的使用寿命,杜绝事故的发生。