英版数字化航海图书资料获取与使用

随着计算机及互联网技术的发展,考虑到航海人员使用效率的提高,英国海军水道部对其航海图书资料的出版形式进行了改进,数字化航海图书资料大量出现。为了方便航海人员尽快适应这种变化,给出获取和使用英版数字化航海图书资料的方法。     

我国水运工程测量技术现状及展望

依据《水运工程测量规范》以及现实水运工程测量服务内容首次对水运工程测量进行了详细分类,该分类涵盖了水运工程测量所能提供服务的全部内容,并根据此分类对水运工程测量现阶段的理论发展和应用技术手段状况进行了详细分析,同其他领域中的测绘水平进行了比较分析,综合评价了水运工程测量在现代测绘领域中发展的技术水平和地位。根据目前水运工程测量的实际服务能力指出了水运工程测量行业存在的问题,并就测绘理论和技术手段的发展,针对水运工程测量的特点和今后水运工程发展的实际要求,对水运工程测量的发展方向进行了预测。     

简支组合梁抗火设计简化方法

根据现行《建筑钢结构防火技术规范》（CECS200：2006）中简支组合梁抗火承载力验算方法,提出了简支组合梁抗火设计的临界温度法,给出了临界温度的计算方法。对影响简支组合梁临界温度的参数分析研究发现：在确定的荷载比下简支组合梁的钢梁截面、材料强度、有效宽度等对简支组合梁的临界温度的影响较小,而耐火极限和楼板厚度对简支组合梁临界温度影响较大。给出了一般简支组合梁在不同楼板厚度、不同耐火极限下,不同荷载比对应的临界温度,可供工程设计使用。     

海上半浮体漂移轨迹研究

通过水上半浮体漂移过程的模拟研究,总结出一种循其轨迹,寻其“源头”的模拟计算方法。首先分析外海流系,沿岸流系,风海流、潮流,并以数学方程式描述之,然后作半浮体漂移的推算,最后以实例验证。本研究可给海事查证工作作参考。     

An Exploration of the Relationship between Timing and Duration of Maintenance Activities

The timing and duration of an activity episode are two important temporal aspects of activity-travel behavior. Understanding the causal relationship between these two variables would be useful in the development of activity-based travel demand modeling systems. This paper investigates the relationship between these two variables by considering two different causal structures – one structure in which time-of-day choice is determined first and influences duration and a second structure in which activity duration is determined first and affects time-of-day choice. These two structures are estimated within a discrete-continuous simultaneous equations framework employing a full-information maximum likelihood methodology that allows error covariance. The estimation is performed separately for commuter and non-commuter samples drawn from a 1996 household travel survey data set from the Tampa Bay area in Florida. The results of the model estimation effort show that the causal structure in which activity duration precedes or affects activity timing (time of day choice) performs better for the non-commuter sample. For the commuter sample, the findings were less conclusive with both causal structures offering equally good statistical measures of fit. In addition, for the commuter sample, all error correlations were found to be zero. These two findings suggest that time of day choice and activity episode duration are only loosely related for the commuter sample, possibly due to the relatively non-discretionary and inflexible work activity and travel.     

Understanding time use: Daily or weekly data?

The appropriate duration of time diaries as a source of time use data is analyzed in a structured way. Nine detailed European surveys based on seven-days diaries are used in order to study different dimensions of data quality, duration and variability of activities, and modeling capabilities. Pseudo diaries of 1, 2 (one week, one weekend) and 3 (one week, both weekend) days are constructed to further analyze these issues, selecting the seven-days diaries data as a benchmark. Comparative results show that two and three-days weighted surveys seem to be an adequate surrogate for the information obtained in weekly surveys that capture a basic work–leisure cycle.     

Heterogeneous hazard model of PEV users charging intervals: Analysis of four year charging transactions data

Public charging infrastructure represents a key success factor in the promotion of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV). Given that a large initial investment is required for the widespread adoption of PEV, many studies have addressed the location choice problem for charging infrastructure using a priori simple assumptions. Ideally, however, identifying optimal locations of charging stations necessitates an understanding of charging behavior. Limited market penetration of PEV makes it difficult to grasp any regularities in charging behavior. Using a Dutch data set about four-years of charging transactions, this study presents a detailed analysis of inter-charging times. Recognizing that PEV users may exhibit different charging behavior, this study estimates a latent class hazard duration model, which accommodates duration dependence, unobserved heterogeneity and the effects of time-varying covariates. PEV users are endogenously classified into regular and random users by treating charging regularity as a latent variable. The paper provides valuable insights into the dynamics of charging behavior at public charging stations, and which strategies can be successfully used to improve the performance of public charging infrastructure.     

Commuting and wellbeing: a critical overview of the literature with implications for policy and future research

ABSTRACT

This review provides a critical overview of what has been learnt about commuting’s impact on subjective wellbeing (SWB). It is structured around a conceptual model which assumes commuting can affect SWB over three time horizons: (i) during the journey; (ii) immediately after the journey; and (iii) over the longer term. Our assessment of the evidence shows that mood is lower during the commute than other daily activities and stress can be induced by congestion, crowding and unpredictability. People who walk or cycle to work are generally more satisfied with their commute than those who travel by car and especially those who use public transport. Satisfaction decreases with duration of commute, regardless of mode used, and increases when travelling with company. After the journey, evidence shows that the commute experience “spills over” into how people feel and perform at work and home. However, a consistent link between commuting and life satisfaction overall has not been established. The evidence suggests that commuters are generally successful in trading off the drawbacks of longer and more arduous commute journeys against the benefits they bring in relation to overall life satisfaction, but further research is required to understand the decision making involved. The evidence review points to six areas that warrant policy action and research: (i) enhancing the commute experience; (ii) increasing commute satisfaction; (iii) reducing the impacts of long duration commutes; (iv) meeting commuter preferences; (v) recognising flexibility and constraints in commuting routines and (vi) accounting for SWB impacts of commuting in policy making and appraisal.     

嘉绍大桥4.1 m超大直径钢护筒施工关键技术

以杭州湾水域嘉绍大桥桩基准4.1 m超大直径钢护筒施工为例,介绍超大直径钢护筒的制作、运输、沉放施工工艺以及振动锤选型、导向框设计、钢护筒加强设计等,探讨强涌潮水域复杂水文条件下桥梁桩基超大直径钢护筒施工技术及控制要点,可供类似工程参考借鉴。     

潮位对深海筑堤工程深层土体水平位移的影响

深海筑堤工程中必须对深层土体进行水平位移监测。自动化测斜技术每天能在固定时间自动监测传感器读数,如果设置监测间隔为48 min,即潮位隔天的推迟时间,则可以分析出潮位对深海筑堤工程中深层土体水平位移的影响。结合浙江某筑堤工程的自动化测斜随潮位变化的监测数据等,找出潮位对深海筑堤工程中深层土体水平位移的影响及规律,提出适用于类似工程的应用方法和案例。