Urban travel time reliability at different traffic conditions

The decision making of travelers for route choice and departure time choice depends on the expected travel time and its reliability. A common understanding of reliability is that it is related to several statistical properties of the travel time distribution, especially to the standard deviation of the travel time and also to the skewness. For an important corridor in Changsha (P.R. China) the travel time reliability has been evaluated and a linear model is proposed for the relationship between travel time, standard deviation, skewness, and some other traffic characteristics. Statistical analysis is done for both simulation data from a delay distribution model and for real life data from automated number plate recognition (ANPR) cameras. ANPR data give unbiased travel time data, which is more representative than probe vehicles. The relationship between the mean travel time and its standard deviation is verified with an analytical model for travel time distributions as well as with the ANPR travel times. Average travel time and the standard deviation are linearly correlated for single links as well as corridors. Other influence factors are related to skewness and travel time standard deviations, such as vehicle density and degree of saturation. Skewness appears to be less well to explain from traffic characteristics than the standard deviation is.     

水泥混凝土就地灌注桩的成孔方法选择及事故的预防与处理

简述水泥混凝土就地灌注桩的各种成孔方法的适用范围,提出成孔施工主要事故的预防和处理意见,以便因地制宜、经济合理的选择好灌注桩的成孔方法,在成孔施工过程中预防事故的发生,发生事故做到及时科学的处理,保证成孔施工的进度和质量。     

河床下切影响下珠江三角洲潮流不对称时空变化规律

潮流不对称对三角洲地区的泥沙净输运和地貌演变有着重要作用,近年来珠江三角洲的大规模采砂活动引起河床大幅下切,因此研究河床下切后珠江三角洲潮流不对称的时空变化规律具有重要意义。利用1999年和2010年珠江三角洲河口河网地形数据,建立珠江口平面二维水动力模型,模拟珠江河口河网枯季水动力过程。结合非稳态调和分析方法分解流速信号,用偏度方法量化分潮组合、余流及分潮和余流相互作用对潮流不对称的贡献程度。研究结果表明:1)珠江三角洲潮流不对称受余流影响呈现出落潮占优的特性;2)河床下切后,各分潮组合的不对称性增大,潮流不对称在下游河道有所减弱、中上游河道有所增强,且珠江三角洲中上游河道变化大于下游河道;3)分潮和余流相互作用的变化是导致该现象产生的主要原因。     

破碎波对随机波统计特性影响的实验研究(英文)

The influence of wave breaking on wave statistics for finite-depth random wave trains is investigated experimentally. This paper is to investigate the influence of wave breaking and water depth on the wave statistics for random waves on water of finite depth. Greater attention is paid to changes in wave statistics due to wave breaking in random wave trains. The results show skewness of surface elevations is independent of wave breaking and kurtosis is suppressed by wave breaking. Finally, the exceedance probabilities for wave heights are also investigated.     

电气化铁路馈线故障特征提取方法研究

继电保护装置在保证电气化铁路牵引供电系统的可靠运行方面发挥着重要作用。针对牵引馈线短路瞬间电流波形发生畸变的"形态"特征,用偏度与峰度进行定量描述,提出牵引网暂态保护新方法。用牵引变电所故障录波数据进行检验,获得令人满意的判断结果。