高速铁路LTE-R改进切换算法的研究

针对高速铁路中LTE-R越区切换对切换时延和切换成功率的严格要求,以3GPP TS 23.401协议中的A3事件判决公式为基础,利用滤波中的测量周期Tm对触发时延进行计算,并结合列车的运行速度,对传统切换算法进行改进。通过对改进算法进行仿真,得到最佳切换参数。最后对两种算法采用相同的基站布置进行仿真比较,得出传统算法在列车运行速度超过205 km/h时,无法满足我国无线通信系统对越区切换成功率99.5%以上的要求,而改进后的算法在速度达到400 km/h时,切换成功率为99.6%,仍满足此要求。     

Critical success factors of supply chain integration in container shipping: an application of resource-based view theory

ABSTRACT

The container shipping industry is receiving growing attention in driving the performance of global supply chains. This phenomenon has accelerated supply chain integration (SCI) within the industry. Although SCI could offer numerous benefits, it is often quoted to be implemented easier in theory than in practice. The high failure rate that is associated with SCI is often not addressed in the literature. Grounded on resource-based view (RBV) theory, this paper is aimed at identifying the critical success factors (CSFs) and examining their influence on SCI and supply chain performance (SCP). Survey questionnaires were administered on 164 container shipping firms. The constructs were validated empirically using confirmatory factor analysis and were subsequently analysed using structural equation modelling. The proposed CSFs in this study are found to be positively corelated with SCI, which, in turn, is positively correlated with SCP. This paper has contributed to both theory and practice by applying RBV theory to identify the key resources and capabilities that are necessary for SCI in the container shipping industry.     

持续改进--企业的成功之路

持续改进是一种先进的企业管理理念,是当今企业管理的一种新境界。对一个追求卓越的企业而言,关键不在于本身存在多少问题,而在于是否随时寻找自身的弱点,采取措施、持续改进。     

基于速度动态函的LTE-R越区切换优化算法

传统的LTE-R越区切换算法,采用固定切换迟滞门限和延迟触发时间的切换算法。但是当列车高速运行时,切换成功率明显下降,无法满足高速铁路无线通信系统对Qo S大于99.5%的要求。通过对切换流程、测量参数、控制参数的分析,提出一种基于速度动态函数的越区切换优化算法。该算法在低速、中速、高速3种列车运行状况下,更适宜高速铁路情景切换时机的选择。仿真结果表明:基于椭圆函数的LTE-R越区切换优化算法,既保证了列车在中高速运行时,越区切换成功率有着明显提升,又避免了列车在中低速运行时,乒乓切换事件频率过高。     

基于实时动态迟滞的LTE-R切换算法优化研究

现行的的LTE-R切换算法在进行切换时采用固定的切换迟滞,或者对列车速度进行分级,进而调节动态迟滞,只做到了"局部动态",这意味着确定更准确的切换触发点是一个关键问题。首先,为了切换方案的顺利提出,根据实际信道模型对LTE-R网络重叠覆盖区的过渡区段、切换区段的距离作了理论的推导;然后,为了提高高速环境下的切换成功率,优化系统性能,提出基于实时动态迟滞的越区切换优化算法,先利用乒乓切换率和链路失效率等指标得到不同速度下的切换迟滞值,之后利用最小二乘法得到列车速度与切换迟滞的最佳函数匹配。仿真结果表明,相比于现行的切换算法,改进算法具有更高的切换成功率,佐证了所提出的方案比现行方案能更有效地触发切换。     

A cell-based logit-opportunity taxi customer-search model

This paper proposes a cell-based model to predict local customer-search movements of vacant taxi drivers, which incorporates the modeling principles of the logit-based search model and the intervening opportunity model. The local customer-search movements were extracted from the global positioning system data of 460 Hong Kong urban taxis and inputted into a cell-based taxi operating network to calibrate the model and validate the modeling concepts. The model results reveal that the taxi drivers’ local search decisions are significantly affected by the (cumulative) probability of successfully picking up a customer along the search route, and that the drivers do not search their customers under the random walk principle. The proposed model helps predict the effects of the implementation of the policies in adjusting the taxi fleet size and the changes in passenger demand on the customer-search distance and time of taxi drivers.     

基于灰色变权聚类的公路建设项目成功度评价

在深入研究公路建设项目有关评价理论和方法的基础上,构建了公路建设项目成功度评价的指标体系,给出了各定量指标和定性指标的成功度白化权函数,并提出了公路建设项目成功度评价的灰色变权聚类方法。     

罗杰·艾伯特:美国影视评论的常青树

在美国电影评论界不断发展变迁的风云流转中,有一位始终站在时代前沿,立在舞台中央,称得上“常青树”的人物,他就是资深的电影评论家,全美知名度最高、最有影响力的影评人——罗杰·艾伯特.他的成功,有主客观两个方面的因素,客观因素包括:1.在国际电影市场美国一家独大,观众的观影热情,旺盛的销售市场,及其冗长的产业链,为影评提供的广阔的空间和舞台;2.发达的报纸、刊物、电视和网络,使电影批评有了安身立命的根基;3.电影批评机制已经相当成熟,保障影评人只需对艺术和自己的声誉负责等.主观因素包括:他本人所具有的良好的学养、渊博的知识,以及执着追求的精神与顺应潮流的意识.     

基于随机Petri网的GSM-R越区切换成功率分析

CTCS-3级列车运行控制系统利用GSM-R网络进行车地间连续、双向的安全信息传输。而GSM-R系统采用硬切换技术,切换时必然会产生短暂的通信中断,这就会影响列车控制类数据传输业务。为保证安全数据传输的可靠性,迫切要求更短的切换时间和更高的切换成功率。对此,建立GSM-R系统越区切换的随机Petri网模型,分析影响越区切换成功率的因素,并利用MATLAB仿真得到列车运行速度、越区切换中断时间以及列车追踪间隔与越区切换成功率的关系;最后说明列车在350 km/h和430 km/h速度下运行时,越区切换成功率是否满足CTCS-3级系统需求标准要求。