小学生营养状况与患龋关系调查

目的：探讨学龄儿童营养状况与龋齿发病之间的关系。方法 采用学龄儿童营养评价指数－Ｒｏｈｅｒｅｉｎｄｅｘ将１０４０名学龄儿童分为营养过剩组（Ｐ〉１４０），营养正常组（１０９〈Ｒ〈１４０），营养不良组（Ｒ〈１０９），按ＷＨＯ标准分别检查统计各组儿童的乳牙龋补均数，患龋率以及恒牙龋均（ＣＤＦＴ）、患龋率，并分析各营养组之间的差异性。结果 ３种不同营养组之间ｄｆｔ，ＤＭＦＴ及乳、恒牙的患龋率均无显著性差异     

The effect of Levocarnitine on nutritional status and lipid metabolism during long-term maintenance hemodialysis

Objective To investigate the effect of Levocarnitine on lipid metabolism and nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and possible mechanism. Methods A total of 40 MHD patients [mean age (53.5±7.1) years] who underwent normal hemodialysis more than 6 months were randomly classified into two groups, Levocarnitine supplemented group (LS-G) (n=20; Levocarnitine supplementation after each normal hemodialysis session, at a dose of 1.0 g/day by intravenous administration) and control group (C-G) (n=20; normal hemodialysis). Before treatment, one month and three months after treatment we respectively measured or observed the following items, the tolerance to hemodialysis, carnitine level in plasma, C-reactive protein, IL-6, TNF-α, percentage of neutrophil, and some relevant nutritional parameters, such as lipid profile, transferrin, total protein, albumin and prealbumin levels. Comparative analysis was conducted between the two groups. Results In LS-G three months after treatment, the levels of carnitine, hemoglobin, and prealbumin in plasma were significantly increased (P<0.05), but C-reactive protein, neutrophil percentage, low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in contrast to those in C-G and before treatment. Transferrin, total protein, and albumin were elevated in LS-G, with no statistical significance. Conclusion There was a significant improvement of lipid metabolism and nutritional status for the long-term maintenance hemodialysis patients with Levocarnitine supplementation. And this improvement is related to the decrease of inflammatory factors.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法连续测定儿童头发中铁锌钙镁锰铜

采用高温炉将儿童头发在250～350℃炭化30分钟，在550℃灰化3—4小时，然后用2％HNO3 0．2％SrCl2消化吸收，用原子吸收光谱法测定Fe、Zn、Ca、Mg、Mn、Cu。方法的相对标准偏差≤9％，加标回收率为96．7％～107．2％，结果满意。     

营养效率工资模型适用性检验

营养效率工资模型阐述的是在发展中国家的劳动力市场上降低工人工资会使工人的生产效率下降,进而引起每单位劳动力的生产效率成本上升.而笔者通过对我国劳动力市场进行实证检验得出的结论却与该模型相反,削减工资将降低每单位劳动力的生产效率成本.     

“营养状况评价图”及Kaup指数在西安地区应用的比较

作者报告了西安市雁塔区城区及郊区1～5岁儿童生长发育监测结果。其体重较1985年西安市横断面调查研究的结果增高,身高无明显变化;城区儿童体重及身高均高于郊区农村儿童;应用Kaup指数及“营养状况评价图”评价结果显示,Kauq指数评价西安市儿童的营养状况更接近干实际情况。     

灰鲸死亡原因何在

今年,美国华盛顿州发现死在海滩上的灰鲸总数达到了创纪录的17只,而在以往20年间,平均每年只有5只灰鲸被冲上海滩而死亡。另外,俄勒冈州和加利福尼亚州也有很多灰鲸死亡。在今年头5个月里,墨西哥死亡的灰鲸多达65只。灰鲸每年在加利福尼亚半岛和阿拉斯加