偏压隧道处治措施及稳定性分析

以上瑞高速公路怀新段第8合同段青山冲隧道为工程实例,针对左线出口端洞口浅埋偏压情况,为了节约工程投资,实施了反压回填的处治方案,采用数值模拟分析及现场监控量测数据分析了偏压隧道支护结构的受力状态和稳定性,可供类似工程参考。     

偏压、浅埋连拱隧道病害分析及处治探讨

介绍了湖南省某高速公路偏压、浅埋连拱隧道在施工过程中出现的初期支护破坏、二次衬砌开裂等病害,分析了病害产生的原因,并介绍了病害处治采用的回填反压、围岩注浆加固、结构抽换、裂缝嵌补等病害综合处治措施,为隧道病害处治提供一种思路和借鉴。     

强风化砂岩地区浅埋偏压隧道病害分析及整治

浅埋偏压隧道在铁路建设中较为常见,偏压荷载是形成隧道病害隐患的根本原因。为解决强风化砂岩地区浅埋偏压对隧道结构稳定造成的不利影响,以某隧道为研究背景,通过现场观察和分析监测结果,探讨隧道受力机理,归纳总结出地形因素是偏压荷载产生的根本原因,施工干扰及水的因素恶化了隧道不平衡的条件。隧道成功的施工,验证了反压回填能够平衡隧道承受的偏压荷载、注浆加固能够提高破碎围岩的整体稳定性,双侧壁导坑法对施工干扰少,在开挖中应优先选用。     

四车道大断面浅埋偏压隧道CD法开挖数值模拟分析

基于某偏压公路隧道的设计、施工以及地质情况,采用有限元软件midas模拟CD法不同顺序开挖隧道的施工过程,对比分析围岩位移以及支护内力情况。结果表明：从埋深小的一侧开挖比从另一侧开挖的隧道围岩位移、支护内力值都要小。最后经过综合分析,确定了从埋深大的一侧导坑开挖为优选方案,可为同类隧道的设计、施工和研究提供有益的借鉴和参考。     

适用于山区隧道偏压洞口段桩式套拱结构

桩式复合管棚套拱结构是一种新型结构,分析表明该结构既能发挥桩体的支护功能,降低边坡的刷方高度,又能提高套拱结构的承载力,防止管棚套拱的下沉和滑移。为地形偏压和围岩破碎软弱的隧道洞口安全进洞提供了一种好方法。     

Improving assimilation of SeaWiFS data by the application of bias correction with a local SEIK filter

Ocean-biogeochemical models show typically significant errors in the representation of chlorophyll concentrations. The model state can be improved by the assimilation of satellite chlorophyll data with algorithms based on the Kalman filter. However, these algorithms do usually not account for the possibility that the model prediction contains systematic errors in the form of model bias. Accounting explicitly for model biases can improve the assimilation performance. To study the effect of bias estimation on the estimation of surface chlorophyll concentrations, chlorophyll data from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) are assimilated on a daily basis into the NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM). The assimilation is performed by the ensemble-based SEIK filter combined with an online bias correction scheme. The SEIK filter is simplified here by the use of a static error covariance matrix. The performance of the filter algorithm is assessed by comparison with independent in situ data over the 7-year period 1998–2004. The bias correction results in significant improvements of the surface chlorophyll concentrations compared to the assimilation without bias estimation. With bias estimation, the daily surface chlorophyll estimates from the assimilation show about 3.3% lower error than SeaWiFS data. In contrast, the error in the global surface chlorophyll estimate without bias estimation is 10.9% larger than the error of SeaWiFS data.     

飞鱼泽隧道洞口出洞技术方案

文章结合飞鱼泽隧道工程实例，介绍了松散破碎山体、洞口偏压地段公路隧道出洞的技术方案、施工方法、步骤及其注意事项，以供在类似的隧道工程施工中借鉴应用。     

汽车轮胎二维稳态温度场的数值分析

通过对滚动轮胎进行合理假设，在MSC／PATRAN系统中建立了国产9．00—2012PR尼龙斜交轮胎二维稳态温度场有限元分析模型，用NASTRAN热分析求解器计算了轮胎的温度场分布，计算结果反映了轮胎的温度分布。通过拟合得到最高温升与车速的线性关系，该公式可以用来简单预测轮胎不同车速稳态的最高温升，对轮胎结构设计与使用有一定的指导意义。     

Assessment of large transport infrastructure projects: The CBA-DK model

This paper presents a newly developed decision support model to assess transport infrastructure projects: CBA-DK. The model combines use of conventional cost–benefit analysis to produce aggregated single point estimates, with quantitative risk analysis using Monte Carlo simulation to produce interval results. The embedded uncertainties within traditional CBA such as ex-ante based investment costs and travel time savings are of particular concern. The paper investigates these two impacts in terms of the Optimism Bias principle which is used to take account of the underestimation of construction costs and the overestimation of travel time savings. The CBA-DK methodological approach has been used to apply suitable probability distribution functions on the uncertain parameters, thus resulting in feasibility risk assessment moving from point to interval results. The proposed assessment model makes use of both deterministic and stochastic based information. Decision support as illustrated in this paper aims to provide assistance in the development and ultimately the choice of action, while accounting for the uncertainties surrounding transport appraisal schemes. The modelling framework is illustrated by the use of a case study appraising airport and runway alternatives in the capital of Greenland – Nuuk. The case study has been conducted in cooperation with the Home Rule Authorities of Greenland.     

The impact of Low Emission Zones on particulate matter concentration and public health: A Comment

Malina and Scheffler estimated the impact of Low Emission Zones (LEZs). LEZ effects are small and bias control is of paramount importance. Based on our analyses we conclude that the point estimate of monetary health benefits calculated by Malina and Scheffler is probably too high and the uncertainty reported possibly too small.