后疫情时代基于XGBoost的铁路客运站客流量预测研究

进入"后疫情时期",铁路客流正逐步回升,但呈现较大波动,面对铁路提质增效的任务,准确预测客流量愈发重要.文章采用极端梯度提升(XGBoost,eXtreme Gradient Boosting)模型,以新冠肺炎疫情、天气和日期属性作为影响因素,选取上海站2016年1月1日—2020年7月27日客流量数据作为训练集和验证...     

Learning aircraft operational factors to improve aircraft climb prediction: A large scale multi-airport study

Ground-based aircraft trajectory prediction is a major concern in air traffic control and management. A safe and efficient prediction is a prerequisite to the implementation of new automated tools.In current operations, trajectory prediction is computed using a physical model. It models the forces acting on the aircraft to predict the successive points of the future trajectory. Using such a model requires knowledge of the aircraft state (mass) and aircraft intent (thrust law, speed intent). Most of this information is not available to ground-based systems.This paper focuses on the climb phase. We improve the trajectory prediction accuracy by predicting some of the unknown point-mass model parameters. These unknown parameters are the mass and the speed intent. This study relies on ADS-B data coming from The OpenSky Network. It contains the climbing segments of the year 2017 detected by this sensor network. The 11 most frequent aircraft types are studied. The obtained data set contains millions of climbing segments from all over the world. The climbing segments are not filtered according to their altitude. Predictive models returning the missing parameters are learned from this data set, using a Machine Learning method. The trained models are tested on the two last months of the year and compared with a baseline method (BADA used with the mean parameters computed on the first ten months). Compared with this baseline, the Machine Learning approach reduce the RMSE on the altitude by 48% on average on a 10 min horizon prediction. The RMSE on the speed is reduced by 25% on average. The trajectory prediction is also improved for small climbing segments. Using only information available before the considered aircraft take-off, the Machine Learning method can predict the unknown parameters, reducing the RMSE on the altitude by 25% on average.The data set and the Machine Learning code are publicly available.     

一种基于激光与视频信息时空数据融合的行人检测方法

针对城市交通行人安全问题,本文提出了一种基于激光与视频数据融合的行人检测方法.通过激光与视频数据空间和时间上的融合,将激光数据映射到图像坐标;在激光聚类过程中,采用K-means 聚类算法对激光云点进行聚类分析,然后运用行人宽度模型提取候选行人区域;在基于图像的行人检测过程中,选取头肩、躯干以及腿部人体特征部位,采用Haar-like 特征集和Boosting 算法进行训练,得到部位检测器;最后,基于贝叶斯决策的组合策略对候选行人区域进行有效判定.实验结果表明,本文所述算法有较好的检测精度和实时性能.