铁路基桩反射波法完整性检测应用探讨

对使用反射波法检测铁路大直径基桩完整性时,其反射波曲线中浅部会产生1个正向缺陷信号的问题作了详细探讨。经分析,它是由于基桩在冲击成孔或人工挖孔施工中,其桩顶砂浆没有清理干净和人工挖孔桩护壁等原因引起的。所以,在采用反射波法检测基桩完整性时,其桩顶砂浆要清理干净,且露出含有粗细骨料均匀致密呈青色的混凝土新表面,而对于人工挖孔桩的护壁影响因素可在桩体混凝土强度达到设计强度95%时进行检测。这样,就能够消除反射波曲线中浅部的正向缺陷信号,以便正确判定基桩完整性。     

埋地燃气管道综合检验检测技术研究

随着技术的进步以及国家能源政策的调整，埋地管道的安全运行日益得到了管道使用单位和政府相关职能部门的重视。综述了目前国内外常用的埋地钢质管道检验检测方法的原理及其优缺点，并结合作者的研究成果，提出了埋地管道综合检验检测技术组合方法。     

路域生态系统建设原则

阐述了路域生态系统的形成,分析了路域生态系统内生物因子和非生物因子的特点,总结了路域生态系统的环境功能。针对我国高速公路路域生态系统环境状况、生态绿化存在的问题,从生态系统平衡和生态环境保护的角度,提出了路域生态系统建设的三大基本原则,即整体性、最优化和可持续发展原则。     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

浅谈基桩完整性无损检测技术的工程应用

反射波法和机械阻抗法作为基桩完整性检测的基本方法。在基桩检测中,两种方法对比使用,可取长补短,有效排除干扰,能够准确、真实地反映基桩质量。     

城轨车辆车控制动系统和架控制动系统防滑控制对比分析

为比较城轨车辆车控制动系统和架控制动系统在防滑控制方面的差异,详细分析车控制动系统和架控制动系统的防滑控制原理.从系统构成、控制软件、参考速度准确性和安全完整性等级等4方面,比较车控制动系统和架控制动系统的防滑控制功能,分析车控制动系统防滑安全功能安全完整性等级比架控制动系统高的原因.     

我国上市公司信息披露诚信问题探析

诚信的信息披露是资本市场的基石,是确保建立公平、公开、公正资本市场的基本前提。我国证券市场由于发展迅速,在信息披露方面存在很多不完善的地方,从而造成财务舞弊事件时常发生,引起投资人及社会公众对上市公司的信任危机,严重影响了资本市场的发展。因此,建立完善的诚信信息披露机制是保证资本市场健康发展的有效途径。     

油气管道完整性维护决策优化方法

阐述了一种处理管线维护资源最优分配的技术——基于风险的管线完整性维护决策优化技术。针对目前研究工作的范围和重点,具体阐述了基于风险的管线完整性维护决策优化的要点和实施步骤;提出2种优化方法:效用函数和有限费用优化;指出了难点,提出了建议。     

EN50128在铁路信号安全软件测试中的应用研究

随着列车的不断提速,铁路信号系统作为保障机车车辆安全有序作业的重要安全设备,其软件的可靠性和安全性直接影响列车的运行安全,对铁路信号安全软件的测试就显得至关重要。通过借鉴欧洲铁路的安全相关技术,以铁路控制和防护系统软件标准EN50128为指导,重点论述了标准中软件测试各阶段的活动情况及独立性的体现,并对此标准在铁路信号安全软件测试过程中的应用进行了分析和研究。     

符合SIL4级要求的计算机联锁系统开发

计算机联锁系统是保证行车安全的重要铁路信号设备。当前国内铁路快速发展对计算机联锁系统提出了更高的要求,为此CENELEC系列标准引入到计算机联锁系统的开发过程中。开发出符合SIL4级要求的计算机联锁系统,并阐述了作者对欧洲铁路安全标准的一些认识和思考。