朔准黄河桥极限承载力分析

研究目的:大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥以其特有的自重轻、强度大、抗变形能力强、施工方便和外形美观等优点,被大量地的用于桥梁结构中。本文以一座在建360 m钢管混凝土拱桥为例,采用通用程序ANSYS建立该桥的空间有限元计算模型,分别对该桥进行裸拱状态和考虑拱上建筑共同作用状态下的特征值屈曲稳定性分析、考虑几何和材料双重非线性的极限承载力分析,并对计算结果进行比较分析,给出拱桥极限桥承载力计算的一般性方法。研究结论:(1)考虑拱上结构的特征值屈曲分析结果最小值为13.477,裸拱的特征值屈曲分析结果最小值为6.673,均大于规范要求的4～5,拱肋截面满足面内和面外的稳定性要求;(2)拱桥极限承载力计算结果最小值为2.252,表明在双重非线性及结构初始缺陷的影响下,主力工况下,全桥结构的安全系数为2.252,满足考虑结构的非线性影响弹塑性稳定安全系数不得小于2的要求,结构设计合理;(3)拱上墩柱等拱上结构对全桥的计算刚度有较大的贡献,但对全桥的极限承载力影响较小;(4)特征值屈曲分析结果是非保守的计算结果,在实际结构设计过程中,必须考虑双重非线性及初始缺陷等对结构极限承载力的影响。     

涂层与阴极保护下的管道外腐蚀研究与控制

长期以来 ,一直认为管道在涂层和阴极保护协同保护下不会产生外壁腐蚀或腐蚀轻微。应用第三代高精度智能清管检测器对榕山—佛荫长为 2 5 4km的管线进行检测 ,发现了 455处外壁腐蚀 ,研究结果表明 :管道建设时 ,涂层施工的质量较差 ;使用维护过程中涂层材料老化严重、失修 ;管线上阴极保护系统长期故障使管道欠保护 ;执行了有严重缺陷的行业标准 ,至今不知管线上监测到的保护电位距真实的极化电位的差距有多大 ;管线的阴极保护度数据难以采集到。针对上述问题提出了控制腐蚀的方法。     

Connectivity analysis of the global shipping network by eigenvalue decomposition

ABSTRACT

Maritime shipping necessitates flexible and cost-effective port access worldwide through the global shipping network. This paper presents an efficient method to identify major port communities, and analyses the network connectivity of the global shipping network based on community structure. The global shipping network is represented by a signless Laplacian matrix which can be decomposed to generate its eigenvectors and corresponding eigenvalues. The largest gaps between the eigenvalues were then used to determine the optimal number of communities within the network. The eigenvalue decomposition method offers the advantage of detecting port communities without relying on a priori assumption about the number of communities and the size of each community. By applying this method to a dataset collected from seven world leading liner shipping companies, we found that the ports are clustered into three communities in the global container shipping network, which is consistent with the major container trade routes. The sparse linkages between port communities indicate where access is relatively poor.     

Dynamic simulation of train–truck collision at level crossings

Trains crashing onto heavy road vehicles stuck across rail tracks are more likely occurrences at level crossings due to ongoing increase in the registration of heavy vehicles and these long heavy vehicles getting caught in traffic after partly crossing the boom gate; these incidents lead to significant financial losses and societal costs. This paper presents an investigation of the dynamic responses of trains under frontal collision on road trucks obliquely stuck on rail tracks at level crossings. This study builds a nonlinear three-dimensional multi-body dynamic model of a passenger train colliding with an obliquely stuck road truck on a ballasted track. The model is first benchmarked against several train dynamics packages and its predictions of the dynamic response and derailment potential are shown rational. A geometry-based derailment assessment criterion is applied to evaluate the derailment behaviour of the frontal obliquely impacted trains under different conditions. Sensitivities of several key influencing parameters, such as the train impact speed, the truck mass, the friction at truck tyres, the train–truck impact angle, the contact friction at the collision zone, the wheel/rail friction and the train suspension are reported.     

Evaluation of pedestrian crosswalk level of service (LOS) in perspective of type of land-use

In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations.     

一类离散陀螺系统特征值反问题

考虑由两个实值非奇异矩阵,一个对称,一个反对称,所定义的2n个一阶常微分方程刻画的陀螺系统特征值反问题。在给定完整谱数据及部分谱数据两种情况下,给出了可解性条件及解的表示。     

适用于我国Ⅲ、Ⅳ级铁路的列控系统

我国Ⅲ、Ⅳ级铁路有配备列控系统的需求.ITCS和ERTMS Regional是适合Ⅲ、Ⅳ级铁路的2种列控系统,介绍了它们的结构和功能特点.     

SF－350型滑模式水泥混凝土摊铺机调平转向机构的原理及操作

ＳＦ－３５０型滑模式水泥混凝土摊铺机调平转向机构的原理及操作湖南省公路局曹继昌关键词：滑模式水泥混凝土摊铺机，调平，转向，原理，方向，水平，自动控制１调平及转向原理在所需铺筑路面的旁侧，按照路面施工的要求标高及路形，预先拉设一根尼龙绳。作为机器调平和...     

关于既有线C2等级转换点设置的探讨

为充分发挥快速铁路效益,满足区域城市交通运输需求,既有线提速开行动车组工程项目将日益增多,等级转换点的设置问题也将在设计中成为一个必须研究的课题。结合既有集包增建二线实施CTCS-2级列控系统工程,针对既有线的实际情况对C0/C2等级转换点的设置问题进行探讨,提出等级转换点的设置应在满足线路运输组织方式、尽量提高铁路线路运输能力的前提下必须考虑列车运行速度及制动距离等因素的结论。     

Level set方法在空化流动计算中的应用

文章将Level set方法应用于自然空化与通气空化流动计算中,通过耦合入相间的质量传输方程,建立了一个用于描述气、汽、液多相空化流动的数值模拟方法,分别对绕圆头回转体和Clark-Y型水翼的自然空化流动和绕圆盘的通气空化流动进行了数值模拟研究,并与实验结果进行了对比,研究结果表明:相较常用的多相流模型(mixture model),Lev-el set方法通过时间和空间上的压缩离散方案,减小了相间界面的扩散,准确地捕捉到了相间的界面,可以有效地运用于空化多相流动。