Use of localized necking and fracture as a failure criterion in ship collision analysis

This study explores the use of localized necking for failure modeling in maritime crash analysis, using large shell elements. The assumption that the failure of a large shell element occurs simultaneously with the onset of localized necking is revisited. This study particularly investigates the numerical implementation of the localized necking condition and its implications on the results of ship collision analysis involving not only plate rupture but also various failure mechanisms such as the crushing and tearing of web girders, stringers, and their intersections. Through a series of large-scale collision simulations, the effects of bending deformation on the initiation of necking, non-proportional loading paths, and ductile fractures not preceded by localized necking, are investigated. It is demonstrated that a localized necking-based fracture model provides a reasonable, relatively mesh-insensitive estimate of the onset of fracture in the outer hull panels; however, fracture propagation is very sensitive to the numerical implementation of the necking and fracture model, especially for the cases involving the crushing of web frames and stringers.     

Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

潜器耐压液舱结构有限元分析

应用有限元方法对纵骨式耐压液舱结构进行系列计算,通过多参数多工况方案对比分析,详细讨论了耐压壳板半径、液舱壳板半径、耐压船体壳板板厚、液舱壳板板厚、相邻实肋板间距、相邻纵骨间距等参数对液舱壳板和耐压船体壳板结构强度和稳定性的影响,研究结果可供潜器耐压液舱结构设计参考,并为进一步完善耐压液舱结构的理论计算方法提供依据。     

由圆环板正交连接的双层变厚度带肋圆柱壳整体结构矩阵分析

利用圆环板与内、外圆柱壳正交连接的变形协调条件，把每跨双层壳作为整体，建立双层 圆柱壳段的平衡方程，并叠加环肋骨、中间支骨、纵筋的刚度。运用相关矩阵分析手段和相邻 壳段的连续条件，将壳段平衡方程组集成待定参数的总体方程。该方法可以准确求解双层圆 柱壳结构任何部位、构件的挠度和应力     

于家堡站站房景观照明设计

于家堡站房采用"贝壳"造型理念以及ETFE膜幕墙,使建筑外观具有强烈的艺术特征。为了使景观照明完美地诠释其特点,同时达到绿色节能并节约投资的目的,采用方案比选并辅以软件模拟的研究方法,分别对分散布灯、集中布灯及多种辅助布灯方案进行研究,并对各种方案在平日模式、一般节日模式及重大节日模式下进行模拟,最终确定集中布灯方案+顶部天窗辅助布灯方案。该方案通过不同场景的设置以及大功率LED投光灯的应用,不但使总投资在投资控制范围以内,还有效地隐蔽了灯具,将夜晚的站房变换成一颗熠熠闪光的"璀璨明珠"。     

虚拟层合板壳单元法在结合梁桥力学分析的应用

研究目的:钢一混结合梁是城市轻轨、客运专线等铁路建设中桥梁结构型式的发展方向之一。经典的有限元分析方法模型处理烦琐、单元剖分数量多,计算费时、结构的分析效率较低,并且不易准确模拟结构的实际受力特性,有必要寻找更为简便有效的结构分析方法。研究结果:多种方法的结果对比及分析表明了虚拟层合单元法的有效性、准确性及良好的适用性,为钢一混结合梁的力学分析提供了一种可靠有效的方法。     

带纵骨实肋板式耐压液舱壳板强度计算方法研究

本文把耐压液舱结构看成一弹性整体，先对其进行整体求解，然后再对耐压液舱壳板按具有初始膜应力的混合边界问题求解。结果表明：在弹性范围内，本文方法计算值与有限元计算值及实验值吻合较好；在弹塑性范围内，本文对耐压液舱壳板边界约束的处理比文献「１」方法更符合弹塑性状态时其边界约束的真实状况。     

一种可调节的活络样箱设计

设计一种可调节的活络样箱代替传统的木质样箱,以减少木材用料及木制工作量,提高生产效率,同时减少堆放场地。介绍可调节活络样箱的设计思路,认为该技术有应用前景但还需要完善。     

汽车暖风机壳体用聚丙烯/粘土纳米复合材料开发与应用

通过采用大分子熔体插层工艺制备了汽车暖风机壳体用聚丙烯/粘土纳米复合材料,该材料具有较高的综合性能.介绍了聚丙烯/粘土纳米复合材料的制备过程,并对该材料的性能及汽车暖风机壳体性能进行了试验.试验结果表明,聚丙烯/粘土纳米复合材料可满足汽车暖风机壳体的使用要求,且其填充量小、密度低,有利于实现汽车零件轻量化.     

Vibration-assisted decommissioning of a slip joint: Application to an offshore wind turbine

An alternative option to the traditional grouted joint for wind turbines is a direct steel-to-steel connection, also known as slip joint. In a recently published work, a proof of concept of a vibration-assisted installation and decommissioning technique of a slip joint was illustrated. Leveraging on the obtained results, the current study shows for the first time a decommissioning campaign carried out using a vibration-assisted technique applied on a prototype hydraulic wind turbine tower located in the North Sea, and connected to the monopile through a slip joint. The key aspect of the dismounting procedure is a priori knowledge of the resonance frequency clusters corresponding to the slip joint’s cross-sectional modes. Therefore, field hammer tests and experimental modal analysis were carried out inside the wind turbine tower. The identified frequencies and mode shapes were then compared with numerical ones estimated by a finite element model of the investigated structure. The comparison showed that a set of frequency clusters can be directly selected from a detailed numerical model. The preparatory work of the slip joint decommissioning was then executed by installing electric shaker devices, based on the dynamic identification results, and hydraulic jacks mounted inside the wind turbine tower. A first decommissioning trial was carried out in May 2019, while the final decommissioning was performed in August 2019. After analysing the measurements of the hydraulic pressures, displacements and excitation frequencies during the decommissioning campaigns, the results showed that it is possible to disconnect the slip joint if, in combination to a vertical static force, one of the identified cross-sectional mode shapes is excited. The vibration-assisted decommissioning proved to be a successful technique to dismount the connection in a controlled and straightforward manner.