汽车离合器从动盘扭转耐久试验中弹簧疲劳断裂的自动识别

对汽车离合器从动盘扭转耐久试验中弹簧断裂的自动识别技术进行研究,提出一种以弹簧刚度特性变化为识别特征的识别原理,进行了相关的分析计算;介绍了基于此原理的自动识别方案及测试过程,并给出实际运行结果。此技术提高了测试智能化水平。     

弹簧安全阀的常见故障及其处理

分析了中、低压锅炉及压力容器上弹簧安全阀的常见故障及产生原因 ,提出了相应的解决措施。实践证明这些措施是有效的     

Ecophysiological growth characteristics and modeling of the onset of the spring bloom in the Baltic Sea

The onset of spring bloom in temperate areas is a transition period where the low productive, winter phytoplankton community is transformed into a high productive spring community. Downwelling irradiance, mixing depth and the ability of the phytoplankton community to utilize the light, are key parameters determining the timing of the onset of the spring bloom. Knowing these parameters would thus provide tools for modeling the spring bloom and enhance our knowledge of ecophysiological processes during this period.Our main objective with this study was to provide data for the growth characteristics of some key species forming the spring bloom in the Gulf of Finland, and to apply those results in a simple dynamic model for the onset of the spring bloom, in order to test if the timing of the spring bloom predicted by the models corresponds to field observations. We investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of three diatoms and two dinoflagellates (Chaetoceros wighamii, Melosira arctica, Thalassiosira baltica, Scrippsiella hangoei and Woloszynskia halophila), at low temperatures (4–5 °C). All of these species are common during spring bloom in the Baltic Sea.Cultures of these species were acclimated to different irradiance regimes prior to measurements of photosynthesis, respiration, pigment concentration and light absorption. We did not find a positive relationship between respiration and growth rate, and we hypothesize that this relationship, which is well established at higher temperatures, is negligible or absent at low temperatures (< 10 °C). Photosynthetic maximum (P_m), and maximum light utilization coefficient (α) was lowest and respiration (R) highest in the dinoflagellates.We made a model of the onset of the spring bloom in the western part of Gulf of Finland, using the obtained data together with monitoring data of mixing depth and water transparency from this area. Model results were compared to field observations of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration. There was a good agreement between the model predictions and the observed onset of the spring bloom for the diatoms. S. hangoei, however, was not able to reach positive production in the model, and W. halophila had the similar growth characteristics as S. hangoei. Consequently, these species must have other competition strategies enabling them to exist and grow during spring bloom.     

Biologically induced modification of seawater viscosity in the Eastern English Channel during a Phaeocystis globosa spring bloom

To identify the potential relationship between Pheaocystis globosa bloom conditions and seawater properties, a hydrobiological survey was performed in the inshore waters of the Eastern English Channel over the course of the phytoplankton spring bloom. Chlorophyll concentration, auto- and hetero/mixotrophic composition of protists and standing stock, and seawater viscosity were measured weekly from March to June 2004. The decline of the bloom is characterized by a massive foam formation in the turbulent surf zone. Before foam formation, seawater viscosity significantly increased, showing a significant positive correlation with chlorophyll concentration. In contrast, after foam formation this correlation was negative, seawater viscosity kept increasing despite a sharp decrease in chlorophyll concentrations. No significant correlation has been found between seawater viscosity and the composition of the phytoplankton assemblages observed during the survey. However, significant positive correlations have been found between seawater viscosity and both the size and the abundance of P. globosa colonies. From the correlation patterns observed between chlorophyll concentration and seawater viscosity, we suggest that the rheological properties of seawater are mainly driven by extracellular materials associated with colony formation and maintenance rather than by cell composition and standing stock.     

春秋战国时期的国家和国际关系

关于春秋战国时期是否存在主权国家和国际关系的论争,一些学者已经发表相关的研究成果。笔者认为春秋时期是中国封建社会趋于崩溃的时期①,周王室的地位和诸侯国的性质已经开始发生变化;战国时期经过各诸侯国的法家改革和兼并战争,诸侯国实现向君主专制中央集权国家的转变。首先,春秋时期和战国时期的诸侯国的性质存在很大的差异：春秋时期的诸侯国并不具备独立主权国家的要素而属于分封制的地方行政单位,而战国时期的列国是独立的脱离地方行政单位性质的君主专制中央集权国家。其次,春秋战国时期的诸侯国之间关系与近代民族主权国家的关系存在很大的差别：春秋时期的诸侯国的争斗是封建割据而不是地区性的国际体系;战国时期是从封建割据状态向大一统国家过渡的阶段,即从局部统一走向最终统一的阶段。     

地下建筑结构三维抗震简化计算方法研究

本文在理论分析的基础上,提出了地下建筑结构的三维抗震简化计算方法,研究了将地下结构平面模型的地震荷载和弹簧约束扩展应用于地下结构空间模型的具体实施方法,并建议了三维简化计算方法中法向和切向地基弹簧系数的数值计算方法。与三维有限元时程分析结果进行对比,验证了该方法的可靠性和适用性。三维抗震简化计算方法的提出,可以解决当空间地下建筑结构不能满足平面应变的假定条件时必须采用三维有限元时程分析进行抗震设计的问题。     

基于Acegi安全框架的权限管理研究与实现

在任何一个完整的Java Web应用系统的设计与实现中,用户权限管理是一个非常重要的部分.Spring框架是一个开发J2EE应用的优秀框架,但是Spring本身没有提供对系统的安全性支持.Acegi是基于Spring IOC和AOP机制的一个安全框架.分析Acegi安全框架,提出基于Acegi的权限管理方法,并介绍基于此方法的Web系统中权限管理的具体实现.该方法可以为Web应用程序提供URL级的动态认证授权机制,使业务逻辑和安全检查逻辑完全解耦,使Web应用的权限管理机制具有很好的动态性和可扩展性.     

基于Hibernate+Spring+Struts的Web应用开发框架

介绍Hibernate,Spring和Struts开源框架,根据这3种框架整合出一种新的Web应用开发框架,分析该框架的特点.在该框架中,采用Struts架构表示层,Spring架构业务层,Hibernate架构持久层.     

铁路站车Wi-Fi运营服务平台微服务架构设计

为改进铁路站车Wi-Fi运营服务平台原单体应用模式后台架构的不足之处,提出了基于Spring Cloud的微服务架构设计,并结合原后台应用架构和业务特点提出了改造方案和关键问题。经过微服务化改造后的铁路站车Wi-Fi运营服务平台代码复用率更高,可以更迅速地满足多变的业务需求。集中式日志采集与检索架构的引入和微服务链路追踪支持,让平台的应用监控与调试更便捷,提高了新功能的研发效率,为系统调试和维护提供有力支撑。     

弹簧支吊架在FPSO高温管道中的应用

高温条件下管道热胀、冷缩和端点附加位移产生的位移载荷是造成管道应力过大和相连设备管口扭矩、反力过大的主要因素。合理设计管道走向和支架布置来增加管道系统柔性是减小管道热载、降低管道应力的主要途径。以机舱排烟管道系统为例,在CAESAR II中建立数值模型,分析了排烟管道的热胀载荷对管道的影响,比较了弹簧支架约束与刚性支架约束对高温排烟管道一次、二次应力的影响。研究发现,在高温管道中,弹簧支吊架不仅能增加管道系统的柔性,减小管道热应力,而且能降低管道对支架的约束载荷,减小管道所受的集中力。