基于初等梁理论的人字形桥梁结构空间梁格分析

根据初等梁理论,采用空间梁格分析法对一例典型人字形薄壁箱梁桥进行结构简化及模拟分析。分析结果表明:当受荷载桥跨的两端为扭转约束、并在集中荷载和竖向均布荷载作用下时,空间梁格分析法所得结果与板壳模型的计算结果比较接近;当受荷载桥跨的两端为单向铰支座、并在偏心竖向荷载作用下时,由于约束扭转和畸变效应对主线和匝道的影响十分显著,空间梁格分析法所得结果与板壳模型计算结果相异较大,主要原因是初等梁理论不能反应宽翼缘薄壁箱梁约束扭转、畸变及剪力滞效应等受力特点。指出:对于宽翼缘薄壁箱梁桥结构在采用空间梁格分析法时,应同时考虑宽翼缘薄壁箱梁受力的特点对初等梁理论分析方法进行完善。     

Pragmatic regularization of element-dependent effects in finite element simulations of ductile tensile failure initiation using fine meshes

For the evaluation of the structural response in accidental scenarios like ship collisions, the simulation of tensile failure initiation is inevitable. Here, one difficulty is that the process of failure initiation is a very local process, which cannot be simulated in its details at present due to the computing effort which would be required. However, there are various approaches how the failure initiation can be simplified and simulated in finite element models of large thin-walled structures. A short overview of these approaches is given. A pragmatic approach, which is suitable for relatively small elements for the simulation of failure initiation in uniaxial to biaxial stress states, is chosen within this paper for further investigations regarding the applicability for thin-walled steel structures. Exemplary simulations with solid and, in particular, shell elements are used to demonstrate how the effects of element size and other element properties can be considered in the simulation of failure initiation. The focus is also on imperfections that are relevant in simulations with small elements. For this purpose, an indentation experiment is simulated with different imperfections.     

暗板桥薄壁式桥台背墙受力分析及承载力验算

针对一座高填土暗板桥薄壁式桥台的情况,对背墙进行了受力分析,并进行了抗弯承载力和抗剪承载力的验算,以校核背墙的构造尺寸及配筋是否满足要求。     

薄壁曲线箱梁剪力滞效用的有限元解法与实验研究

解释了箱梁的剪力滞效应并对其常用解法的优缺点进行了比较,介绍了有限元解法,利用SHELL63单元,运用ANSYS有限元分析方法对一具体箱梁进行分析,得出计算值与实验值吻合良好,可见利用ANSYS对薄壁箱梁剪力滞进行求解简单且可靠。     

预应力高强混凝土箱型连续梁结构行为的非线性分析

高强混凝土、钢纤维混凝土作为新型混凝土材料,以其优异的物理力学性能,越来越受到工程界的关注。高强混凝土、钢纤维混凝土在铁路、公路桥梁中有着广泛的应用前景。本论文的主要工作是应用现代数值分析手段对预应力高强混凝土变截面箱型连续梁非线性结构行为进行数值模拟。主要工作包括:(1)基于微平面理论的混凝土本构模型研究。在已有研究工作基础上,对其中主应力组合对微平面抗剪性能的影响和微平面加卸载准则提出修正意见。在Bazant教授的研究中,采用侧限应力来描述主应力组合对微平面抗剪性能的影响,通过定义主应力向量与向量的夹…     

城市轨道交通U型梁高架系统关键技术研究及创新

结合我国城市轨道交通高架线的应用和发展瓶颈分析,介绍作者及其团队在U型梁高架系统新技术研发和应用方面所取得的主要成果,包括U型梁结构技术、综合降噪技术、与轨道交通各系统的一体化融合技术、施工技术以及技术经济性等内容。以U型梁结构为载体,集成了完备的设计理论和计算方法、减振降噪、节能环保、造型美观、桥面系功能完善、车辆运行安全防护、施工便捷、工期短、显著的经济性等诸多优势,构筑了新一代环境友好型轨道交通高架系统。U型梁高架系统新技术的应用,对促进我国城市轨道交通高架线的健康和可持续发展起到了重要的作用。     

约束扭转对汽车车架模态的影响

本文通过三种典型车架模态的实验和计算研究,探讨了约束扭转对汽车车架各阶模态的影响。结果表明:约束扭转对扭转模态影响较大,在研究开口薄壁结构的车架模态时,必需考虑约束扭转的影响,一阶扭转模态对横梁刚度的变化十分敏感。     

Prediction of the vibratory properties of ship models with realistic structural configurations produced using additive manufacturing

The use of flexible ship models to determine the dynamic behaviour of full-scale ships in waves and to compare the accuracy of numerical predictions has increased in the past few years. Segments attached to a flexible uniform backbone of suitable but simple cross section is the preferred solution. Although such models are relatively easy to manufacture with conventional processes, they do not represent accurately the structural detail, for example, of a container ship. The limitations of conventional manufacturing constraints can be potentially overcome by use of modern technologies such as additive manufacturing. Designing detailed elastic ship models requires the determination of dynamic material properties, in addition to the manufacturer mechanical properties.In this investigation, a detailed but easy-to-implement method is developed, and applied to a uniform container ship-like model, to identify the material properties that are relevant to the calculation of the natural frequencies of 3D printed thin-walled structures. It is demonstrated that modal testing of 3D printed specimens, combined with FEAmodelling, can be used to accurately predict the natural frequencies of much more complex thin-walled structures. This method allows investigators to acquire all information necessary during the design stage of 3D printed structures without having to resort to full material characterisation.     

The design and commissioning of a fully elastic model of a uniform container ship

Experimental hydroelasticity has not followed the rapid evolution of its computational counterpart. Hydroelastic codes have changed significantly in the past few decades, moving to more detailed modelling of both the structure and the fluid domain. Physical models of ships are, even today, manufactured with a very simplified structural arrangement, usually consisting of a hollow rectangular cross section. Appropriate depiction of the internal structural details ensures that properties relevant to antisymmetric vibration are scaled accurately from the real ship to the model. Attempts to create continuous, ship-like structures had limited success, as manufacturing constraints did not allow for much internal structural detail to be included. In this investigation, the first continuous model of a ship with a detailed internal arrangement resembling a container ship is designed, produced using 3D printing and tested in waves. It is demonstrated that the global responses of the hull in regular head waves agree well with theory and past literature, confirming that such a model can represent the behaviour of a ship. Furthermore, it is found that the model is capable of capturing local responses of the structure, something that would be impossible with “traditional” hydroelastic ship models. Finally, the capability of the model to be used to investigate antisymmetric vibrations is confirmed. The methodology developed here opens a whole new world of possibilities for experiments with models that are tailored to the focus of the investigation at hand. Moreover, it offers a powerful tool for the validation of modern state-of-the-art hydroelastic codes. Ultimately, it creates the next step in the investigation of dynamic responses of ship structures, which contribute significantly to accumulating damage of the hull. Better understanding of these responses will allow designers to avoid over-engineering and use of big safety factors to account for uncertainties in their predictions.     

单肢薄壁高墩连续刚构施工稳定性分析

近年来,单肢薄壁连续刚构桥施工失稳破坏频繁发生,损失严重。以西南某桥为背景,先对每个施工阶段进行线性分析,找出各阶段最不利荷载组合,然后分析出最大悬臂阶段各荷载工况、高墩初始缺陷、是否考虑几何非线性等因素对稳定性的影响程度。最后,提出处理建议和措施。