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1.
针对城市高层住宅顾客对上门配送服务的需求,借助无人机停放平台,考虑包裹异质性以及无人机在不同配送阶段的精确能耗,构建以无人机飞行成本和能耗成本最小为目标,以无人机容量、电池组容量等为约束的高层住宅无人机上门配送模型,解决“垂直位置最后一百米配送”问题。基于此模型,设计带变邻域下降(VND)搜索的混合蚁群算法(HACO-VND),引入4个算子进行变邻域下降搜索,为了提高算法的求解性能,提出两种局部搜索算子组合,根据顾客点数量使用不同的算子组合。实验结果表明,HACO-VND算法较CPLEX在求解精度与求解时间方面更优,特别是在大中型算例中表现出较佳性能。参数分析表明,高层住宅楼层数越多,无人机单次
飞行的能耗利用率越大,无人机容量与电池组容量共同对配送方案产生影响。为以后无人机送货上门服务方面的研究提供参考和思路。 相似文献
2.
在城市轨道交通线路开通过程中,如存在受外界条件影响而不能按期开通的地铁车站,需采用甩站的方式进行开通。秉承对原设计方案变更最小化原则,对信号系统的各个子系统实施方案进行研究,以达到满足甩站运营的实际开通需求。 相似文献
3.
刘强 《铁路工程造价管理》2020,(1):40-44
城市轨道交通工程具有投资规模大,建设时间紧,专业涉及面广,工程技术复杂等特点。总结深圳市已建城市轨道交通工程的技术经济指标,针对盾构区间隧道工程,研究轨道交通工程建设标准和造价指标体系,为合理确定本地区城市轨道交通工程建设和造价标准提供科学依据。通过确定盾构区间各项主要指标,为政府投资决策提供技术支撑,以期对轨道交通高质、高效发展起到一定推动作用。 相似文献
4.
将由特定高铁列车所提供的起讫点间的旅客运输服务定义为单个高铁客运产品。随着高速铁路越来越"公交化",同一起讫点间客运产品间的可替代性越来越强,票价的调整有了更精细化的要求。用经济学中的交叉弹性理论描述客运产品间的可替代程度,用指数需求函数描述客运产品的需求与票价的关系,构建并求解高铁动态票价优化模型,对客运产品间不同可替代程度下的最优动态票价策略进行研究。结果显示:高铁客运产品间的可替代性会影响票价策略的选择,且客运产品间可替代程度的增加是否有利于客票收益的提高与可行折扣票价集合的选取有关。 相似文献
5.
目前,自动驾驶技术在乘用车领域已获得突破性发展;为提高通行效率和出行安全起到了极大的作用。自动驾驶技术在商用车领域的应用,有望较好解决高昂的人力成本和难以提高的效率等问题。然而,目前自动驾驶技术在货车的应用大多采用跟乘用车同样的标准进行规范,这在实际应用中存在着诸多的问题;例如,在FCW和AEB功能中货车在相同车速的制动距离要远大于乘用车,而其所采用标准规定的碰撞预警时间却并无多大不同,这在实际场景中存在着较大的安全隐患[1,2]。此外,货车质量和体积较大,且较多应用于长途运输,运输过程中会经历包括高温、严寒、山区等多种复杂气候场景,这些都将对货车自动驾驶技术在车辆制动效能、能耗以及多场景应用等方面提出更有针对性规范的要求。本文针对货车的应用场景特点,为其自动驾驶技术应用标准化提出了建议。 相似文献
6.
ABSTRACTThe advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics. 相似文献
7.
ABSTRACT This paper explores the online channel strategies adopted by Chinese manufacturers with regard to the Belt and Road. It also investigates the effect of offline channel power structures and maritime transportation costs on online channel mode selection and pricing strategies. The offline channel power structures are classified into three types, namely, Chinese manufacturer Stackelberg (MS) structure, vertical Nash (VN) structure, and foreign retailer Stackelberg (RS) structure. Furthermore, a game model is developed among the Chinese manufacturer, foreign retailer, and cross-border e-tailer to investigate the interactions among offline channel power structures, maritime transportation costs, and Chinese manufacturers’ online channel mode selection. The results show that Chinese manufacturers’ preferences for the online agency selling mode increases correspondingly with the decrease in their market position and bargaining power. Moreover, foreign retailers can obtain higher profits in the online agency selling mode under the VN structure. However, the level of profit for foreign retailers depends on the intensity of their competition with cross-border e-tailers under the MS and RS structures. Finally, consumers in countries along the Belt and Road can obtain a higher surplus in the online agency selling mode under all of the structures. 相似文献
8.
Deer-vehicle collisions are a major transportation hazard, but factors affecting deer escape decision-making in response to vehicle approach remain poorly characterized. We made opportunistic observations of deer response to vehicle approach during daylight hours on a restricted-access facility in Ohio, USA (vehicle speeds were ≤64 km/h). We hypothesized that animal proximity to the road, group size, vehicle approach, and ambient conditions would affect perceived risk by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to vehicle approach, as measured by flight-initiation distance (FID). We constructed a priori models for FID, as well as road-crossing behavior. Deer responses were variable and did not demonstrate spatial or temporal margins of safety. Road-crossing behavior was slightly and positively influenced by group size during winter. Deer showed greater FIDs and likelihood of crossing when approached in the road; directionality of approach likely increased the perceived risk. These findings are consistent with antipredator theory relative to predator approach direction. 相似文献
9.
10.
介绍钻井平台运输市场的情况和半潜船作业的过程 ,探讨半潜船运输钻井平台可行性分析的过程和内容 ,介绍并评价可行性分析用到的遭遇风浪数据库IMDSS、切片法等技术。计算实例证明 ,利用波浪预报和切片理论相结合分析运输可行性的方法 ,可以得到满足工程需要的分析结果。 相似文献