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1.
由于Windows平台图形界面的易操作,使得在各行各业得到迅速的普及。这在工业控制领域也不例外,但是由于Windows操作系统在大部分情况下是以队列形式工作的,使得在Windows下实现实时控制成为了难题。利用多媒体时钟可以很好地实现Windows实时控制。 相似文献
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与既有地铁线路接轨道岔施工方案研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究目的:以上海地铁M8线与既有的上海地铁1号线在人民广场站接轨的工程为例,对地铁接轨道岔的施工方法、施工工艺进行分析研究。
研究方法:搜集既有线轨道设计标准、调查研究接轨道岔现场情况及工作环境,制定施工设计原则,选择合理的施工方案并结合实际情况选用新材料。
研究结果:与既有地铁线路接轨道岔施工方案,最终采用间隔抽换正线与道岔共用短轨枕和扣件。
研究结论:施工前应做好既有线无缝线路的放散,施工全部结束后恢复道岔两端的无缝线路,并加强两端线路的锁定;FFU合成轨枕侧面应做出凹凸或花纹,新老道床混凝土接触面涂刷界面剂;道岔道床始、终端及道岔道床内设置伸缩缝,排杂散电流钢筋总截面积应满足要求并保证电气连接,尤其注意侧股道床钢筋与直股钢筋的绑扎或焊接。 相似文献
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马文胜 《现代城市轨道交通》2013,(4):15-18
介绍了公安无线通信系统现状和发展趋势,提出地铁公安无线通信引入系统设计考虑因素及地铁公安无线通信引入系统主流方案。 相似文献
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The aim of the German Government is the licensing of one million electric vehicles (EV) in Germany until 2020. However, the number of battery electric vehicles (EVs) today still is just above 25,000. There are several reasons for deciding against an EV, but especially low battery ranges as well as too long perceived charging duration inhibit the usage of an EV. To eliminate the negative influence of these two reasons on the decision to purchase an EV, a novel charging technology is established. The rapid-charging technology enables the user to recharge the battery to 80% of its state of charge (SOC) within 20–30 min. For the examination of the technology’s impact from (potential) user’s perspective, users and nonusers of battery electric vehicles were questioned about the perceived additional value of public rapid-charging infrastructure by taking into account different trip purposes and running comparisons to regular charging options. The results show an increased perceived value especially for trips with leisure purpose, considering their share of all trip purposes in Germany, according to the MiD 2008. In order to increase the number of licensed EVs in Germany, the study’s results also suggest further dissemination of information on rapid charging which might influence the perceived usefulness of the technology and consequentially the perceived usefulness of an EV. 相似文献
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This study models the joint evolution (over calendar time) of travelers’ departure time and mode choices, and the resulting traffic dynamics in a bi-modal transportation system. Specifically, we consider that, when adjusting their departure time and mode choices, travelers can learn from their past travel experiences as well as the traffic forecasts offered by the smart transport information provider/agency. At the same time, the transport agency can learn from historical data in updating traffic forecast from day to day. In other words, this study explicitly models and analyzes the dynamic interactions between transport users and traffic information provider. Besides, the impact of user inertia is taken into account in modeling the traffic dynamics. When exploring the convergence of the proposed model to the dynamic bi-modal commuting equilibrium, we find that appropriate traffic forecast can help the system converge to the user equilibrium. It is also found that user inertia might slow down the convergence speed of the day-to-day evolution model. Extensive sensitivity analysis is conducted to account for the impacts of inaccurate parameters adopted by the transport agency. 相似文献
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This paper addresses the optimal toll design problem for the cordon-based congestion pricing scheme, where both a time-toll and a nonlinear distance-toll (i.e., joint distance and time toll) are levied for each network user’s trip in a pricing cordon. The users’ route choice behaviour is assumed to follow the Logit-based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). We first propose a link-based convex programming model for the Logit-based SUE problem with a joint distance and time toll pattern. A mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is developed to formulate the optimal joint distance and time toll design problem. The developed MPEC model is equivalently transformed into a semi-infinite programming (SIP) model. A global optimization method named Incremental Constraint Method (ICM) is designed for solving the SIP model. Finally, two numerical examples are used to assess the proposed methodology. 相似文献
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Most of existing route guidance strategies achieves user optimal equilibrium by comparing travel time. Measuring travel time, however, might be uneasy on an urban road network. To contend with the issue, the paper mainly considers easily obtained inflow and outflow of a link and road capacity as input, and proposes a route guidance strategy for a single destination road network based on the determination of free-flow or congested conditions on alternative routes. An extended strategy for a complex network and a feedback approximation for avoiding forecast are further explored. Weaknesses of the strategy are also explicitly analyzed. To test the strategy, simulation investigations are conducted on two networks with multiple parallel routes. The results indicate that the strategy is able to provide stable splitting rates and to approximate user optimal equilibrium in different conditions, in particular when traffic demand is high. This strategy has potential to be applied in an urban road network due to its simplicity and easily obtained input data. The strategy is also applicable for single destination if some alternatives and similar routes are available. 相似文献