Accessibility and transport infrastructure improvement assessment: The role of borders and multilateral resistance

The market potential indicator is a commonly used tool in transport planning for evaluating the potential economic effects derived from improvements in transport infrastructures. The general assumption is that exports from a given region will rise with increased accessibility, thus benefiting economic activities. However, the specification of the market potential model is typically very simple and ignores both the impact of competing rivals and the role of international borders, which leads to unrealistic results. Spatial interaction models on bilateral trade have already proved that international trade is affected by multilateral resistance, borders, adjacency, language or currency. Nevertheless, apart from some recent analyses that simply calibrate the distance decay parameter from trade datasets, these variables have hardly been integrated into research on market potential. This paper sets out to demonstrate that more realistic results are obtained by calibrating the distance-decay parameter and introducing the impact of competing rivals and border effects into the market potential formulation. The proposed model is then applied to the assessment of the accessibility impacts of new road transport infrastructure in the European Union between 2001 and 2012, which shows that the greatest improvements in accessibility were experienced by peripheral countries with high road infrastructure investment.     

国外公路工程标准的法律地位研究

公路工程标准的法律地位是近年来公路工程标准化工作者和一些司法人士热议的问题之一.鉴于此,通过分析美国、日本、欧盟等国家和组织的技术标准和技术法规之间的关系,介绍国外公路工程相关法律法规体系,探讨公路工程标准的法律地位,可为我国公路工程行业标准规范的管理提供参考.     

江六高速京杭运河特大桥牵索挂篮施工技术

前支点挂篮技术因施工工艺复杂、技术含量高，而在其应用中容易存在一些问题。结合京杭运河特大桥施工实践，分析了前支点挂蓝的设计原理和技术难点及注意事项，为该技术的正确应用和推广积累经验。     

货车驾驶室前翻转支架疲劳寿命试验研究

货车驾驶室悬置是决定汽车舒适性的重要装置。由于其前翻转支架受力复杂，有时会出现疲劳撕裂现象。本文就其疲劳寿命台架试验方法进行研究。     

前苏联铁路的多轴敞车与罐车

介绍了前苏联试制和生产的6轴、8轴敞车和罐车、4轴和3轴转向架,以及主要的技术参数,并简要介绍了前苏联铁路所采用的5种型号的轮对和6种机车车辆限界.     

欧盟关于汽车电磁兼容(EMC)最新技术要求

就汽车电磁兼容(EMC)技术要求,介绍欧盟指令72/245/EEC的最新修订版2004/104/EC的主要内容,指出其主要变化和应注意的问题。     

岸边集装箱起重机桁架式主梁结构改进

为解决丹东港2000型岸边集装箱起重机前大梁两侧铰连板焊缝开裂的问题,对桁架式主梁结构进行了改造。分析焊缝开裂原因,提出改进措施。改造取得良好效果。     

Framing the Nexus of Globalisation,Logistics and Manufacturing in Europe

Abstract

Under the ongoing influence of globalisation, supply chains have changed significantly. New logistics and manufacturing systems have emerged, causing longer transport distances and increasing transport emissions. The existing research into the sustainability impacts of freight transport has largely viewed it as being a macro-level economic and political phenomenon and has ignored the interdependencies amongst micro-level economic actors, including firms and businesses in the private sector. In this paper, we presume that the lack of conceptualisation of freight transport in relation to wider institutional contexts and firm behaviour results in the lack of a holistic approach to understanding freight governance in the face of globalisation. We argue for the use of institutional economic geography lenses to elucidate the distribution networks of emerging logistics and manufacturing practices and its implications for freight transport. We illustrate our argument through a broad look at the European logistics and manufacturing practices and global production.     

俄罗斯与前苏联铁路客车综述

阐述了俄罗斯与前苏联铁路客车的发展过程,介绍了各个时期客车的保有量、本国制造量与进口量,以及批量生产的客车及其转向架的主要技术参数,并简要介绍了俄罗斯铁路动车组近况.     

无线光通信系统中的激光发射与接收技术

探讨了影响无线光通信的诸多因素．对无线光通信的发射和接收技术进行了具体的描述,给出了发射机和接收机的部分电路图．并进行了模拟实验．