有缝隙颗粒堆积体中应力传递规律的实验研究

散体颗粒堆积体在自然界和实际工程应用中普遍存在,具有许多复杂奇异的特性,如应力链、崩塌、非线性波等.对有缝隙颗粒堆积体进行焦散线实验研究,与无缝隙情形进行对比分析,发现:缝隙的存在对应力的传递有较强的阻碍作用,使颗粒堆内部应力的传递范围明显缩小,其分布满足六次多项式规律,而不是无缝隙情形的抛物线规律;有缝隙颗粒堆内部的应力分布符合高斯分布函数,各层应力的最大值是无缝隙情形的2～3倍.     

翻译实践的原则性与变通性

文章从对翻译定义多、乱的疑惑开始梳理,在分析了翻译及翻译学的性质后,指出了翻译定义的重要性和规范性,由此推论得出翻译的标准也应达成共识,以实现翻译理论的系统性．但由于译者在思堆活动中的主观能动性,文化对应空缺问题和读者需求问题,译者不可能消极地遵守标准毫无变通．译者应根据实际的情况在必要时进行再创造,在翻译各影响因素间寻求平衡。     

消除项目评价指标重叠性研究

指标间的重叠性是一个普遍存在的问题，就如何消除是的重叠性问题，从理论上和实际应用上作了较深入研究，提出用单缺口指标和双缺口指标来消除不同情况下的重叠性。     

MINOE: A Software Tool to Analyze Ocean Management Efforts in the Context of Ecosystems

Transitioning ocean governance into an integrated ecosystem-based approach requires improved knowledge of existing governance arrangements. This article presents a software tool, MINOE, to assist policymakers, scientists, and others involved in ecosystem-based management initiatives to navigate through management documents as they relate to a user-defined ecosystem. The tool uses a conceptually modeled ecosystem, defined by the user, and text analysis of a set of management-related documents to determine which ecosystem linkages are potentially acknowledged in the documents. For illustration, the set of documents included with MINOE currently (and used to demonstrate the software in this article) are laws and regulations from four geopolitical jurisdictions for the year 2006; however, users may also import other documents for a more tailored application. Features include an interactive matrix containing results about the set of management documents within the user's scope and scale of interest. In addition, MINOE includes metrics and visualization tools to synthesize information derived from the documents. The article presents the software tool, describes potential uses for the tool, and ends with a discussion of future work to expand the program.     

成都市无信号交叉口行人过街临界间隙分布研究

行人交通是城市交通系统的薄弱环节,尤其是通过无信号控制的交叉口时容易受到机动车威胁,因此研究行人过街特性具有重要意义。本文基于宏观概率平衡的方法研究临界间隙的概率分布函数,该方法通过采集交叉口行人过街时的接受间隙和拒绝间隙,估计行人过街的临界间隙分布。并以成都市典型无信号交叉口为例,得出了行人过街的临界间隙的均值、方差和分布图。最后,通过现场观察和数据分析,对该交叉口和路段的改善提出建议。     

Filling up gaps in wave data with genetic programming

A given time series of significant wave heights invariably contains smaller or larger gaps or missing values due to a variety of reasons ranging from instrument failures to loss of recorders following human interference. In-filling of missing information is widely reported and well documented for variables like rainfall and river flow, but not for the wave height observations made by rider buoys. This paper attempts to tackle this problem through one of the latest soft computing tools, namely, genetic programming (GP). The missing information in hourly significant wave height observations at one of the data buoy stations maintained by the US National Data Buoy Center is filled up by developing GP models through spatial correlations. The gap lengths of different orders are artificially created and filled up by appropriate GP programs. The results are also compared with those derived using artificial neural networks (ANN). In general, it is found that the in-filling done by GP rivals that by ANN and many times becomes more satisfactory, especially when the gap lengths are smaller. Although the accuracy involved reduces as the amount of gap increases, the missing values for a long duration of a month or so can be filled up with a maximum average error up to 0.21 m in the high seas.     

一种考虑纵向连接间隙的带式浮桥变位计算方法

传统的带式浮桥变位的计算都是采用弹性地基梁的方法进行的,舟单元法中有类似算法。本文利用组成浮桥的多个舟体的平衡条件进行求解,并且在平衡方程中考虑了间隙闭合对浮桥变位的影响,编制了相应的求解程序,通过将文中算例与实测结果相比较,验证了该方法正确可行。     

中英文翻译中文化空缺现象及翻译策略

世界各民族文化有共性也有个性．共性是有限的，个性是丰富的、广泛存在的。多样的个性造就了各民族间灿烂多姿的文化特性，同时也导致了语言交流当中的空缺现象。这种空缺现象对中英文翻译实践带来了很大的难度。文中就翻译中出现的文化空缺现象进行探讨，并就文化空缺现象的表现和特点进行分析，最后就如何选择合适的翻译方法提出了一些建议。     

广州地铁车站站台与车辆地板边缘关系调查

车站站台与车辆地板面之间的间隙与高差是否恰当,直接影响到乘客的安全.调查广州1～4号线已开通的64座车站站台与车辆地板边缘的间隙和高差,以及所涉及车辆地板面距轨面的高度,得到现场最基础的资料;探讨间隙、高差、地板面高度、线路中心与站台关系等实测或推算值与设计值的区别,对其产生的原因进行分析.结果表明,这对轨道交通的设计...     

我们的“格差”在哪里？——评加藤嘉一《北京交通困境与“格差”》一文

从一个交通专业人士的认识角度,对日本友人加藤嘉一的《北京交通困境与“格差”》一文作出响应和解释。中国改革开放、经济腾飞带来的大城市交通拥堵问题是一个发展中的问题,介绍了城市交通拥堵经历的2个阶段,并对第2阶段的交通需求特征进行着重描述,认为一些城市的交通政策与基础设施建设和“以人为本”的交通理念严重背道而驰。对交通与“格差”的问题,从贫富、能力、条件、信息、地位、观念等多方面进行了探讨,最后指出,经过10-20年的努力,中国城市交通整体面貌和运行状况必将得到极大改善。