Predicting the adoption of connected autonomous vehicles: A new approach based on the theory of diffusion of innovations

On the grounds that individuals heavily rely on the information that they receive from their peers when evaluating adoption of a radical innovation, this paper proposes a new approach to forecast long-term adoption of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). The concept of resistance is employed to explain why individuals typically tend to defer the adoption of an innovation. We assume that there exists a social network among individuals through which they communicate based on certain frequencies. In addition, individuals can be subject to media advertisement based on certain frequencies. An individual’s perceptions are dynamic and change over time as the individual is exposed to advertisement and communicates with satisfied and dissatisfied adopters. We also explicitly allow willingness-to-pay (WTP) to change as a result of peer-to-peer communication. An individual decides to adopt when (i) there is a need for a new vehicles; (ii) his/her WTP is greater than CAV price; and (iii) his/her overall impression about CAVs reaches a cutoff value. Applicability of the proposed approach is shown using a survey of employees of the University of Memphis. Our results show that the automobile fleet will be near homogenous in about 2050 only if CAV prices decrease at an annual rate of 15% or 20%. We find that a 6-month pre-introduction marketing campaign may have no significant impact on adoption trend. Marketing is shown to ignite CAV diffusion but its effect is capped. CAV market share will be close to 100% only if all adopters are satisfied with their purchases; therefore, the probability that an individual becomes a satisfied adopter plays an important role in the trend of adoption. The effect of the latter probability is more pronounced as time goes by and is also more prominent when CAV price reduces at greater rates. Some caveats may be inserted when considering the study results as the findings are subject to sample bias and data limitations.     

The “Ubernomics” of ridesourcing: the myths and the reality

ABSTRACT

This paper looks at the economics of ridesourcing (or app-based ride-hailing) with a particular focus on the US. It brings together the rather dispersed literature on the subject focusing on the economic characteristics of the underlying industry and sets this within the broader context of transportation economics. In particular, it sorts out the realities of ridesourcing from some of myths that were perpetrated in its early days and, in many cases, still persist. It considers some of the empirical evidence that has emerged regarding the key parameters that determine the way Uber and the like operate, and the welfare implications of this, together with comments on some of the regulatory reactions to the new transportation platform. It concludes by suggesting some ways in which recent developments in economic could move forward our understanding of the industry as technologies and markets change.     

世界汽车工业新的技术革命

详细介绍了欧、美、日现代柴油机技术的发展及其在轿车上的应用、新型汽油机的发展、混合动力驱动轿车的发展状况、氢燃料电池技术和均匀充气压燃发动机的研发，并对汽车电子在汽车安全和舒适性方面的作用作了简介，对我国新型发动机的技术状况进行了概述。表明世界汽车工业的新技术革命一直在进行中。     

无压舱水船舶技术研发现状

本文综述了目前世界几种主要无压舱水船舶的技术研发现状。船舶压载水的无害化管理是当今航运界面临的主要问题之一,无压舱水船舶的技术革新可能成为彻底解决压载水污染的有效方法。     

Part 2. Beyond single-outcome models: Decompositions of aggregate and disaggregate road safety risk

The second part of the state-of-the-art focuses on the development of the founders' double streams explaining single-outcome indicators (probability of accidents and fatalities, respectively) by fixed form regression, as outlined in the Part 1. Following Page (1997, pp. 67–122, 2001) and others, we use as turning point of the evolution of both aggregate and discrete approaches the DRAG-1 model of 1984, itself based on aggregate data, which introduced four key innovations in principle applicable to both streams.     

沈阳浑南现代有轨电车一期工程BT建设管理研究

分析沈阳浑南现代有轨电车一期工程采用BT模式投资建设的条件,总结项目采用BT模式建设的要点,从工期、质量、成本以及车辆供应4个方面研究BT模式在本项目中的建设管理优势,提出该模式的3个创新点:双业主均衡管理模式、施工二次招标、回购资金资产证券化.     

控制柜面板工艺的改进

为了提高控制柜的生产效率和质量、降低加工劳动强度,结合实际,详写了控制柜工艺特点、存在问题、原因分析,利用新技术、新工艺对原面板工艺进行改进,实施效果良好,得到了同行的认可及推广。     

中国城市公交和车辆技术的创新发展

本文对中国城市公交和车辆技术的创新发展最新成果进行了介绍，论述了中国城市公交和车辆技术的发展方向及发展前景。     

Innovative alternatives take action – Investigating determinants of alternative fuel vehicle adoption

Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional internal combustion engines have gained increasing attention in general public. While empirical studies have begun to explore product-specific factors that drive consumer adoption of AFVs, an integrative framework of a comprehensive set of AFV adoption factors and its theoretical foundation as well as empirical validation is still missing. By drawing on theory of innovation adoption and theory of reasoned action we show that consumers’ perceptions of AFV attributes lead to a general attitude formation towards AFV. In conjunction with consumers’ subjective and personal norm, this in turn determines AFV adoption behavior. Concerning AFV attributes, compatibility, design, and relative advantage of AFVs exhibit the strongest influence on consumers’ attitude formation toward AFV. We derive implications for future research and policy makers. The latter include suggestions on how to develop and communicate AFV in order to stimulate AFV adoption.     

中小航运企业发展的现实途径——灵活创新+合作联营

我国大量的中小航运企业面临时代要求却存在诸多劣势,为此,中小航运企业必须充分发挥自身的灵活创新优势,走与其他中小航运企业联营的集团化发展道路,才能与大型航运企业抗衡,并在激烈的市场竞争中争得一席之地。