含有非线性电阻的动态电路唯一稳态的范数判定方法

以矩阵范数为工具，得到了确定含有非线性电阻的动态电路唯一稳态的条件，并给出了一个算例，其结果与理论分析吻合．本文的结果表明，含有非线性电阻的动态电路的唯一稳态．可以用矩阵范数决定．而且这个方法可以应用于任意阶的非线性电路．判据适用范围更广，结果便于应用，在理论与实用两个方面，都有重要意义．     

认知语境与英语学习中的主动倾听

认知语境是一种理论构架,是人头脑中固有知识的集合体.主动倾听是听者积极寻找话语含义的一种认知方法,通过分析认知语境对英语学习中主动倾听影响,对大学英语的科研改革带来一点启示.     

碰撞危险局面下VTS值班员交通组织及值班用语规范初探

文中以一起典型的VTS覆盖水域船舶碰撞危险事件为例,论述了碰撞危险局面下VTS值班员交通组织的依据、措施建议和值班用语规范,为规范VTS值班员的交通组织标准提供思路.     

铁路建设检验批的数据特征研究

介绍铁路建设项目管理中检验批数据应用的相关背景,检验批数据的空间、时间和专题三大数据特征,以及检验批数据与质量控制、进度控制、安全控制、投资控制以及物资设备管理的关联关系,并建立相应的关联关系模型,形成采用计算机存储和管理的检验批数据规范.     

论构建和谐校园背景下高校规章的合法性规制

高等学校享有法律授予的自治权力,其所制定的规章是大学自我管理、自我约束和接受监督的基本依据.本文从对高校的行政主体属性和高校规章的法律属性的分析入手,阐述了对高校规章进行合法性规制的必要性及相关制度设计,力图通过对高校规章的合法性规制实现大学教学和生活的和谐状态.     

SCUBA Diver Specialization and Behavior Norms at Coral Reefs

SCUBA diving is an increasingly popular activity that provides a number of benefits to coastal communities. However, the sustainability of recreational diving on coral reefs is largely dependent on the health of reef ecosystems. Divers can minimize their impacts to coral reefs through responsible diving behaviors, which are in part guided by social norms. The behavioral obligation and sanction components of twelve diving behaviors were determined for Florida Keys divers throughout the course of a year. Recognizing that recreationists are not homogenous, these norms were compared according to diver specialization level. Specialized divers felt a stronger obligation not to touch corals and to pick up garbage from the sea floor than did less specialized divers. Specialized divers also reported they would feel greater embarrassment for losing buoyancy control, touching corals, taking pieces of dead corals, or touching marine mammals. The findings point to a connection between specialization level and social norms, and a relationship to ensuring continued reef health.     

Do social norms regarding carbon offsetting affect individual preferences towards this policy? Results from a stated choice experiment

This study investigates the idea that people’s willingness to offset flight-related carbon emissions is a function of the collective participation rate, which can be regarded as a social norm, towards carbon offsetting. Additionally, we reveal people’s preferences toward two other environmental policies; a baggage allowance and airline eco-efficiency index. A discrete choice experiment is designed and administrated among a sample of air travelers. The results indicate that carbon offsetting generates utility, with people gaining more utility when the collective participation rate is high. Additionally, it was found that the baggage allowance and the eco-efficiency index strongly influenced respondents’ airline choices. People also became more sensitivity towards a baggage allowance and the eco-efficiency label, when the collective offsetting rate was high.     

变系数线性常微分算子的正规能解性

结合广义函数论，局部凸拓扑空间理论和正规能解算子理论，证明了变系数线性常数分算子的正规能解性，从而解决了相应微分方程的弱解存在性问题。     

A study of motorcyclist's idling stop behavior at red lights

Abstract

Motorcycle activity in Asian economies is a significant contributor to carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, both when moving and when idling at traffic lights. This paper investigates Taiwanese motorcyclists’ behavior of turning off the idling engine while stopping at traffic lights based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which recognizes that the achievement of voluntary change behavior can be identified by knowing an individual's attitudes (or behavioral intentions [BIs]) in the context of social norms (SN). A structural equation model system is used to identify candidate causal links between attitudes, SN, BI and behavior related to the idling stop behavior of motorcyclists. A partial least squares (PLS) model is built to correct the covariance matrix, given the relatively small sample size. Results suggest that attitudes, SN and perceived behavioral control, are significant determinants of idling stop BI at red lights.     

Do partners influence each other’s travel patterns? A new approach to study the role of social norms

To better understand the role of social norms in relation to people’s travel behavior this study addresses the question whether and to what extent partners in two-partner households influence each other’s travel patterns. For example, is the male household head more likely to start using the bicycle if the female household head also uses the bicycle (and vice versa)? While this is a straightforward question, it has, to the best of the author’s knowledge, not been explored in previous research. Using data from 958 couples from the German Mobility panel, the bidirectional effects between the travel patterns of male and female household heads are explored. To this end, the relatively new method of latent class transition analysis is used. The results show that, over time, travel pattern membership of the male household head influences travel pattern membership of the female household head and vice versa. Given that the effects are controlled for a range of individual and shared household characteristics, these results suggest that social norms at the household level play an important role. The paper concludes with an outlook on how the developed framework can be extended in the future.