TRANSVAGINAL COLOR DOPPLER STUDY OF UTEROPLACENTAL CIRCULATION IN NORMAL EARLY PREGNANCY

Ｔｈｅｐｈｙｓｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｃｈａｎｇｅｓｏｆｕｔｅｒｉｎｅｈｅｍｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｉｓｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｆｏｒｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｓｔａｔｕｓｏｆｔｈｅｕｔｅｒｉｎｅｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎ．Ｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｆｅａｒｌｙｕｔｅｒｏｐｌａｃｅｎｔａｌｂｌｏｏｄｆｌｏｗｗｅｒｅｃａｒｒｉｅｄｏｕｔｉｎｖｉｔｒｏｏｎａｂｏｒｔｉｏｎｔｉｓｓｕｅａｎｄｗｅｒｅｍａｉｎｌｙｒｅｓｔｒｉｃｔｅｄｔｏａｎａｔｏｍｉｃａｌｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｕｔｅｒ…     

孕妇眼压变化的初步观察

本文选择60名(120只眼)孕妇作受检者,30名(60只眼)相同年龄未孕妇女作对照组。用Schiotz眼压计测眼压,证实了中期和晚期妊娠妇女的眼压显著低于对照组(P<0.01),晚期妊娠妇女的眼压显著低于中期妊娠妇女(P<0.01),为诊断和治疗孕妇青光眼和探讨用性激素治疗青光眼提供了依据。     

THE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY IN QINBA MOUNTAINOUS AREA

Humancytomegalovirus (HCMV )isoneofthemostcommoncongenitalvirusinfectioninhu manandalsousuallythecauseofmentalretardationandhearinglossofchildreninthedevelopedworld .TheactiveinfectionpercentageofHCMVisabout0 .3% - 12 .0 %there ,butwithregardtothedevel opingcountries ,especiallythepovertymountainousareas,the percentageofCMVinfectionisun known .QinbamountainousareainShaanxiisapoverty strikingarea ,wheretheeconomicconditionandtheculturearebackwardandtheincidenceofMRishigh .TostudyCMVinfec…     

Optimal funding allocation strategies for safety improvements on urban intersections

Urban intersections crashes cause significant economic loss. The safety management process undertaken by most states in the United States is referred to as Highway Safety Improvement Program and consists of three standardized steps: (i) identification of critical crash locations, (ii) development of countermeasures, and (iii) resource allocation among identified crash locations. Often these three steps are undertaken independently, with limited detail of each step at the state planning agencies. The literature review underlines the importance of the third step, and the lack of sophisticated tools available to state planning agencies for leveraging information obtained from the first two steps. Further, non-strategic approaches and unavailability of methods for evaluating policies may lead to sub-optimal funding allocation. This paper overcomes these limitations and proposes multiple optimal resource allocation strategies for improvements at urban intersections that maximize safety benefits, under budget and policy constraints. Proposed policy measures based on benefits maximization (economic competitiveness), equitable allocation (equity), and relaxation of mutually exclusiveness (multiple alternatives at one location) produce significantly different alternative and fund allocation. The proposed models are applied to selected intersections in four counties of southeast Michigan. Results reinforce the applicability of the strategies/policies and tools developed in this paper for safety project funding allocation on critical urban intersections.     

夫妻配对MTHFR基因型分布与不明原因反复流产的关系

目的　探讨亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶 (MTHFR)基因多态性在夫妻间的不同存在形式与不明原因反复流产之间的关系。方法　采用聚合酶链反应 限制性片段长度多态性 (PCR RFPL)的方法 ,对 32对有两次及两次以上不明原因流产史的夫妇和 39对健康夫妇进行MTHFR6 77C→T突变相关性研究。结果　病例组与正常对照组流产发生的危险性比较 ,夫妻双方都是纯合或杂合突变型 ,其基因型分布与流产发生的危险性增高高度相关 ,OR =2 94 1,95 %CI[1.0 6 2～ 8.133];夫妻双方有一人是纯合或杂合突变型 ,而另一人为野生型的 ,其基因型分布与流产发生的危险性无关联 ,OR =0 .819,95 %CI[0 .32 0～ 2 .0 94 ];夫妻双方都是野生型 ,其基因型分布与发生流产的危险性降低高度相关 ,OR =0 188,95 %CI[0 .0 4 6～ 0 .76 0 ]。结论　子代携带MTHFR纯合或杂合突变可能是胚胎早期发育异常的原因之一 ,从而导致流产的发生。     

再生障碍性贫血与妊娠(10例报告及文献复习)

本文报告再生障碍性贫血(以下简称再障)合并妊娠10例,並结合国内文献报告之39例进行了分析讨论。初步提出以下看法:①妊娠可能是再障的病因之一;②妊娠期再障部分病例呈非典型性表现;⑧再障患者应避免妊娠,一旦妊娠应早期行人工流产术。     

青年乳癌

本文报告青年乳癌(30岁以前)41例,占我科同期乳癌病人的5.46％(42/1749),报告了临床资料,讨论了青年乳癌与哺乳和生育的关系:多生育的青年妇女发病率高,占58.5％(24/41),作者认为;对已有腋淋巴结转移的病例,不论组织类型如何,只要能做到彻底根治,达到临床绝对治愈切除(R>N)即Halsted's术,术后再辅以放疗、化疗,还是能提高长期生存率的,讨论了青年乳癌的特点和误诊的原因。     

妊高征胎儿心功能的彩色多普勒评价

用彩色多普勒超声心动图对50例正常孕妇和45例妊高征时胎儿心功能进行研究。妊高征组患者以其血压和临床症状被分为轻、中、重三组。结果发现收缩功能指标在三组中均有降低，且有良好的负相关关系。舒张功能指标在三组中有不同的变化。轻度组：无明显变化；中度组：部分指标降低，心房收缩波A波无变化；重度组：舒张功能指标明显降低，A波亦降低。说明不同程度的妊高征对胎儿心功能有着不同程度的影响。     

DETECTION OF STRAND BREAKS OF DNA IN HUMAN EARLY CHORIONIC VILLUS CELLS INDUCED BY DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND USING ^32P-LABELED ALU HYBRIDIZATION

Genetic effects of ultrasound on fetus havebeen extensively studied since ultrasonograph waswidely appliedin obstetric practice.In recent years,there have been reports onin vivomolecular geneticeffects of diagnostic ultrasound[1-4].In vitroexperi-ments have found that single-stranded breaks(ssbs)and double-stranded breaks(dsbs)in DNA are themain indices for DNA lesions induced by ultra-sound[5].But,no reports on whether ultrasound cancausein vivossbs and dsbs in DNAare available.Tofurther …     

妊娠大鼠对急性心肌缺血损伤的反应及其机制

目的探讨妊娠鼠是否比正常生理状态能更好地耐受心肌缺血损伤以及发生的可能机制。方法雌性SD大鼠20只,早孕SD大鼠10只,分为正常对照组、未孕心梗组及早孕心梗组,于造模后3周使用Image 1.31软件,测量心肌梗死范围。使用powerLAB 4.12系统进行血流动力学测量,并应用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡,Massion染色观察心肌胶元。结果早孕心梗组梗死范围为28.86%,未孕心梗组为36.8%。早孕心梗组心肌梗死范围较未孕心梗组明显减小;心梗3周后早孕心梗组左室收缩末压下降及左室舒张末压升高均较未孕心梗组为轻。两组凋亡指数比较早孕心梗组凋亡指数明显高于未孕心梗组。Massion染色显示:早孕心梗组心肌胶元含量明显较未孕心梗组少。结论妊娠对大鼠急性心肌缺血损伤有保护作用。