西南及邻区高速铁路岩溶工程地质分区研究

我国西南及邻区发育分布有大量的可溶岩,随着中西部高速铁路建设的加大,大量的铁路不可避免的穿越岩溶发育区,岩溶问题给该区域的高速铁路选线及建设带来巨大的挑战。根据多条已建成和在建的岩溶山区高速铁路岩溶工程地质问题,探讨这些地区高速铁路建设所面临的主要岩溶工程地质问题。拟定以地形地貌、气候和高铁主要岩溶问题为主控因素的分区原则,构建高原岩溶区、斜坡过渡带岩溶区、岩溶化平原区等3大高速铁路岩溶工程地质区;在此基础上基于地层岩性、地质构造、岩溶发育程度和岩溶水系统特征为控制因素的分区原则,细分为17个高铁岩溶工程地质亚区。高速铁路岩溶工程地质分区的研究成果,有利于针对西南及邻区不同的岩溶工程地质分区特点,制定相应的高速铁路勘察设计方案,以查明铁路建设遇到的复杂岩溶工程地质问题,拟定相应的工程措施,规避铁路建设的工程风险。     

新疆公路三级区划中环境参数的提出

自然环境条件对公路工程的影响，主要体现在路线选取、路基强度和稳定性、路面稳定性和耐久性、公路主要自然病害(包括冻融、翻浆、雪害、风沙害、崩塌、滑坡和地震灾害等)、施工条件和养护运营环境等5个方面，分析自然条件和公路工程的关系，提出公路区划中地质地貌环境参数和水热状况环境参数。阐述了环境参数的提出过程，为新疆公路自然区划三级区的划分提供依据。     

A logit-based model for measuring the effects of transportation infrastructure on land value

Mutual interactions between transportation and land use have long been debated. Despite progress made in computational technology, the study of these interactions is not adequately developed. The most important aspect of such interactions is given by the changes in land values due to changes in transportation infrastructures. We consider the behavioural features of these interactions along with the constraints on the land and/or zoning restrictions and propose a reliable model for the first time to predict land value changes with respect to changes in transportation facilities and accessibility. The proposed model is a logit-based mathematical programming methodology where the relative price of land is predicted with respect to transportation accessibility, neighbourhood amenities, location premium, availability of land, and zoning regulations. A real-world case study is used to exhibit the applicability of the proposed methodology and demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithms and procedures.     

中国沥青路面气候影响分区方案

为了了解中国气候条件对沥青路面的影响,分析了739个气象站1971~2000年的气象数据,以累年年不小于20℃积温、累年累计降水温度指数、累年降水冰冻组合指数和累年极端最低气温作为划分指标,累年年平均太阳辐射日总量为描述指标,采用普通克里金和协克里金方法对各指标进行空间化分析,利用多指标系统聚类、指标划分和图层叠置方法,提出了中国公路沥青路面气候影响分区方案。方案共分8个一级区和39个二级区,在北部和青藏高原,低温和低温期间降水的影响是主要的,南部则以高温和降水的影响最为显著,中部各种因素的影响比较均衡,应综合考虑。     

皮口至炮台高速公路工程地质特征

结合皮炮高速公路路线勘察地质资料，对线路区内的区域工程地质条件、工程地质分区等工程地质特征进行了概略性介绍。     

Understanding Recreational Boater Attitudes to Zoning in a Proposed Marine Protected Area

Although the success of marine protected areas (MPAs) and associated zoning schemes is largely dependent on stakeholder acceptance and support, there have been relatively few studies examining the response of recreational stakeholders to MPA proposals. This study investigates the response of recreational boaters to a proposed MPA in British Columbia, Canada. Using a structured questionnaire (n = 543) and a focus group (n = 6), the research examines the level of support for the concept of marine zoning and identifies key factors influencing support or opposition. Results indicate that a small majority of recreational boaters support the concept of marine zoning, but that there are areas of concern that ought to be addressed as MPA implementation proceeds. Support for zoning was strongly related to perceived benefits, particularly environmental benefits. Furthermore, perceived benefits overall were found to outweigh concerns as determinants of recreational boater support for zoning. Major dimensions of opposition included perceptions of over-regulation, loss of access for boating, and mistrust of the government. A suggestion is that such concerns may be mitigated through focused communication and meaningful involvement of boaters in the zoning process.     

Parking policies in large cities in Germany

This article deals with highly motorized large West German cities of about 200,000 inhabitants and more, which usually provide reasonable public transport systems. Illegal parking with shares of about 40 to 50% of the total parking is widespread in the parking problem areas of those cities, especially in the inner-city residential and mixed-use areas. Parking spaces are demanded by residents, employees, customers and visitors, and by delivery and service traffic. The different characteristics of parking demands by different user groups are discussed. The total parking supply consists of public and private spaces. The share of private spaces is about 40 to 50% of the total parking spaces in German cities. The amount of car traffic generated by a parking space depends on parking duration and parking turnover, as well as on search traffic. So the change of a space from long-duration use of an employee to short-duration of customers — as often discussed in parking concepts — generates at least five-fold car traffic. The measurements and effects of parking control of public spaces as well as the parking regulations in zoning ordinances, restrictions on the construction of new private parking spaces and park-and-ride are discussed. Finally, a parking concept methodology — using the example of Frankfurt am Main — is discussed.     

山区脆弱环境下公路选线的危险度区划

山区公路灾害的频繁发生，严重威胁着线路行车和人民生命财产安全，并严重制约着山区经济可持续发展，因此，作好山区环境脆弱区段公路的选线工作尤为重要。本文以公路环境脆弱的迫隆藏布流域为例，在分析研究了影响山区公路灾害发生发育的因素的基础上，从防灾减灾及改善公路工程对生态环境影响的角度出发，采用GIS的信息处理和空间分析方法，实现了基于山区环境脆弱区段公路选线的危险度区划。     

青海省道路气候区划研究

依据气候要素对道路工程建设的影响,根据全省气温、冻土以及潮湿系数的分布状况,结合青海省地形地貌特点,参照交通部部标准《公路自然区划标准》（JTJ003-86）,对青海省公路自然气候作了一、二级区划。一级区划将全省分为多年冻土区和季节冻土区,二级区划全省可分为11类气候类型区域。     

“上海2040”绿色交通发展愿景和路径选择

绿色发展是"上海2040"的规划理念之一,是上海市交通发展的核心价值导向。围绕建设卓越的全球城市的目标愿景,提出面向创新、人文、生态三个维度的绿色交通策略和指标,确立能源和资源双重约束下的绿色交通发展内涵。基于交通与城市空间协调布局、协同功能的规划思路,指出打造轨道都市、构建TOD社区、引导绿色出行是实现上海市绿色交通发展的主要路径及策略。提出重构多层次、多模式的轨道交通网络、推行街区制的全路网规划设计思路、实施交通策略分区、提升步行和自行车交通网络功能、加强智慧交通发展等多重措施。